Policultivo integrado multitrófico do camarão-rosa Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Decapoda: Penaeidae) com a ostra do mangue Crassostrea brasiliana (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) em sistema de bioflocos

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Lopes, Victor Hugo Polachini
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bioflocos; Carcinicultura; Espécies nativas; Ostreicultura; Policultivo integrado multitrófico
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/204230

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Crassostrea brasiliana (mangrove oyster) as a biofilter in the integrated multitrophic polyculture with Farfantepenaeus paulensis (pink shrimp) in a biofloc system (Biofloc technology - BFT) for the production of live shrimp bait (between 4 and 5 grams). To perform the experiment, the animals were submitted to different storage densities in four treatments (T-1: 16 shrimp and 12 oysters; T-2: 16 shrimp and 24 oysters; T-3: 24 shrimp and 12 oysters; T-4: 24 shrimp and 24 oysters) in a biofloc system. The physical-chemical parameters of the water (temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH and alkalinity) as well as the nitrogen compounds (nitrite and ammonia), remained in constant monitoring and control. The animals' survival was checked every two days, and the biometrics of the schrimp were performed fortnightly. The generalized linear model (GLzM) was applied to verify the zootechnical performance of shrimp (biomass increment) and the influence of total suspended solids (TSS) between treatments over time. There was no significant difference in the Kaplan-Meier survival curve (reaffirmed by the log-rank test) for both species between treatments. Through the evaluation of the stomach contents of oysters it was observed that they consumed the bioflocs, with the majority of individuals with a full stomach, without the presence of pseudofeces. The results found through the tests performed (GLzM), registered variations over time and between treatments, both for increasing biomass of shrimp, as for total suspended solids (TSS), where it was registered that the covariates oysters and shrimp, were not able to significantly influence TSS concentrations. Regarding the zootechnical performance of the shrimp, even with a survival rate above 65%, it was observed that it can be improved, for the oysters the rate was less than 36%. The schrimp reached the average weight stipulated by the market demand for live bait in all treatments. Oysters were able to filter and feed on bioflocals, reinforcing their propensity as a biofilter organism in BFT systems. The evaluation of C. brasiliana as a biofilter in the polyculture of F. paulensis in BFT systems is unprecedented, and this study is important due to the use of native species, for the improvement of this technology.