Efeitos da presença de óxido de cério em suportes para eletrocatalisadores de paládio

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Trentin, Andressa [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Eletrocatálise; Oxidação; Óxidos de cério; Etanol; Metanol; Oxidation
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/142991

Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy into electrical energy. The DAFCs (Direct alcohol fuel cells) present as an alternative for hydrogen fuel cells. For the DAFCs operate on a large scale, is of great importance the development of electrocatalysts for oxidation reactions of alcohols as methanol and ethanol, which occur at the anode of the fuel cell. In this context, this work reports the synthesis of nanocatalysts of palladium supported on carbon and cerium oxide, physical characterization of the prepared materials and the evaluation of the catalytic activity for the oxidation of methanol and ethanol. The physical characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X ray absorption spectroscopy techniques. Materials were also electrochemically characterized by cyclic voltammetry. The catalytic activity of the prepared materials was studied using electrochemical techniques such as chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry and also the spectroelectrochemical technique of in situ FTIR, which allows the identification of reaction products and intermediates. The X-ray diffraction showed that the addition of cerium oxide does not modify the crystalline structure of the Pd. The transmission electron microscopy images allow us to state that the method of synthesis used produced well dispersed palladium nanoparticles onto the support and narrow size distribution. The X-ray absorption spectra showed a higher fill on the 4d band of the palladium with the addition of cerium oxide. Experiments of CO monolayer oxidation showed that the presence of cerium oxide in the support did not cause change in the potential of CO oxidation peak. Regarding the catalytic activity for the electro-oxidation of methanol, palladium showed very low activity. For the electro-oxidation of ethanol, the materials synthesized at 25...