Características de dossel e produção de milho submetido a arranjos espaciais de planta e adubação nitrogenada em plantio direto

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Coutinho Neto, André Mendes [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Milho; Adubação; Nitrogenio na agricultura; Fertilizantes nitrogenados; Produtividade agrícola; Nitrogen in agriculture
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/135965; http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/cathedra/16-02-2016/000858482.pdf

Nitrogen fertilization and the spatial arrangement of plants are among the most important management practices to achieve greater productivity of corn. The objective of this work was to evaluate, in two no-tillage areas, with different crop sequences (corn/corn and leguminous/corn) the influence of nitrogen fertilization and spatial arrangement in leaf area index (LAI), in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), the nitrogen in biomass and productivity of corn, with emphasis on yield components. The experiments were conducted in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, during two seasons, in a clayey Oxisol under no-tillage since 1990. The experimental design was a randomized block, according to a factorial arrangement 3 x 2 x 2 [three nitrogen rates (0, 80, and 180 kg ha -1); two row spacing (0.80 and 0.45 m) and two plant densities (55 and 90 thousand plants ha-1)]. The following variables were evaluated: plant height and height of insertion of the first ear, stalk diameter, number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per ear, thousand grain weight, prolificacy (number of ears per plant), leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), N biomass and grain yield. Regardless of the N rate and plant density, row spacing of 0.45 m provided greater productivity, heavier grains, greater PAR and number of kernels and ears per plant. Stalk diameter, number of kernels, thousand grain weight and prolificacy decreased with increasing plant density, while plant height, ear insertion height, LAI and PAR increased with plant density. The yield depended on the plants density considered, and the higher yields obtained with the population of 90,000 plants in the presence of the highest N rate. The grain yield was positively related with yield components: number of rows per ear, number of grains per ear, thousand grain weight, LAI, N biomass and PAR