Utilização de hidrogéis de DNA como “scaffolds” para regeneração óssea e sua funcionalização com biomoléculas

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Castro, Tatiany Aparecida [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Colóides; Biomineralização; Materiais biomedicos; Biomineralization
• Link de acesso: https://hdl.handle.net/11449/261570

This project aimed to evaluate the regenerative potential of DNA hydrogels, through microtomography and PCR analyses, in the process of repairing critical-sized bone defects in rat calvaria. After approval by the Ethics Committee, process FOA nº 6062023, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, in which BUFFER received the TrisCa2+ buffer as biomaterial, DNA 1:3 received the DNA hydrogel, the CO-DNA Sr group received the TrisSr2+ buffer and DNA-Sr received the DNA hydrogel functionalized with strontium. They were subdivided according to the analyses and the euthanasia period, with n = 3 for each subgroup. At time zero, the animals underwent surgery, and the bone defect was created in the animals' calvaria, and the biomaterial was placed inside it according to the group. The 10D subgroup was euthanized 10 days after surgery and the collected specimens were subjected to molecular analysis, while the 28D subgroup was euthanized after 28 days and microtomographic analysis. These animals were euthanized by anesthetic overdose. The cell viability of DNA hydrogels was observed in MCO cell lines. Regarding molecular analysis, it was possible to observe that functionalization with strontium improved the performance of DNA 1:3 in the relative gene expression of Runx2, IBSP, OCN and ALP proteins, but the BUFFER group obtained the highest values in Runx2, IBSP and TRAP. Regarding the micro-CT parameters, the DNA 1:3 group obtained higher values in BV/TV, Tb.Th and Tb.N, while in Tb.Sp the CO-DNA Sr group stood out with higher values. The use of DNA hydrogels promoted an improvement in the microarchitecture and dynamics of biomineralization and the functionalization of DNA hydrogels with strontium, despite not demonstrating an improvement in the performance of these materials in the reparative dynamics of bone tissue regarding the parameters evaluated in the micro CT, performed a significant improvement in the dynamics of bone mineralization in the molecular analyses.