Avaliação dos parâmetros físico-químicos e estabilidade de compostos bioativos em óleos de polpa e amêndoa de frutos amazônicos

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Costa-Singh, Tainara [UNESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Tecnologia de alimentos; Compostos bioativos; Óleos vegetais; Frutos; Caracterização química; Antioxidantes
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/127931

The demand for vegetable oils with bioactive constituents has increased in recent years due to the presence of special components, which characterize these oils as functional foods. Since it is a relatively new field of study, a larger number of researches on vegetable oils which contain biologically active substances is necessary, as well as on the stability of these compounds under heating. This study aimed to identify the bioactive compounds and determine the antioxidant activity of oils extracted from pulp and almond of fruits from Amazonian palm trees, and to evaluate the stability of these bioactive compounds under heating. Pulps and almonds of fruits from from bacaba, inajá, patauá, peach palm, and tucumã Amazonian palm trees were characterized regarding chemical composition and mineral contents. The oils of these fruits, extracted via Soxhlet, were analyzed physicochemically and their respective antioxidant activity and bioactive composition were determined, in order to assess the possible application of these special oils as functional foods. The oils of peach palm and tucumã pulps more relevant as the lipid content, unsaponifiable matter and oxidative stability were selected and submitted to analysis of stability of their bioactive compounds when subjected to the process of thermoxidation and accelerated oxidation in an oven. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test for the averages, at 5%, employing 7.6 ASSISTAT program. All fruit pulps showed higher percentages of lipids, 22-45%, when compared with the almonds. As to the contents of oxidative stability, the values ranged from 0.18 to 112.89 h, and the oils extracted from peach palm pulp and tucumã almond had significantly higher induction period compared to the other oils analyzed. The oils showed antioxidant activity to inhibit free radicals generated during linoleic acid peroxidation, in addition to...