Numerical solution for the droplet combustion

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Donini, Mariovane Sabino
• Orientador(a): Cristaldo, César Flaubiano da Cruz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: eng
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Pampa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado Acadêmico em Engenharia
• Departamento: Campus Alegrete
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Engineering; Droplet combustion; Microgravity; Natural convection; Engenharia
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS
• Link de acesso: http://dspace.unipampa.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riu/1955

In the present work, vaporization and combustion of an isolated fuel droplet at diferente ambient temperatures are examined numerically in order to analyze the effect of buoyancy force on the flame. Generally, fuel droplets in combustion devices are so small that the influence of buoyancy force on vaporization and combustion of droplets is negligible. On the other hand, fuel droplets in experimental devices are affected by the buoyancy force due to their diameters being around or more than 1 mm. To reduce the buoyancy effects, expensive experimental studies are performed in microgravity ambient (drop-tower or out of space). In normal-gravity conditions, the buoyancy force is induced by temperature gradient on ambient atmosphere. The buoyancy is positive in regions of hot gases and negative in regions of cold gases compared with the ambient atmosphere gas. Hot gases move upward and cold gases downward. Playing with the positive buoyancy force of hot gases around the flame and with the negative (cold) buoyancy force of cold gases around the droplet via ambient atmosphere temperature, it is possible to modify the flame shape. In the numerical simulations, incompressible Navier–Stokes equations along with mixture fraction and excess enthalpy conservation equations are solved using a finite volume technique with a uniform structured grid. An artificial compressibility method was applied to reach steady state solutions. The numerical predictions have been compared with analytical results for a zero gravity condition, showing good agreement. For normal gravity condition the numerical results showed that when the ambient temperature increases, the velocity gradient and buoyancy source term decreases. Despite that, the flame increased in all directions. The results have also shown that increasing the ambient temperature, decreases the temperature gradient in the flame, which ends up affecting the flame position.