Partida e operação de um Reator Nitrammox® para o tratamento de digestatos com baixa relação Carbono/Nitrogênio
| Ano de defesa: | 2021 |
|---|---|
| Autor(a) principal: |
Bonassa, Gabriela
 |
| Orientador(a): |
Kunz, Airton
|
| Banca de defesa: |
Kunz, Airton
,
Prá, Marina Celant de
,
Gotardo, Jackeline Tatiane
,
Gomes, Simone Damasceno
,
Araújo, Juliana Calabria de
|
| Tipo de documento: | Tese |
| Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: | por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná
Cascavel |
| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola
|
| Departamento: |
Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas
|
| País: |
Brasil
|
| Palavras-chave em Português: | |
| Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
| Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
| Link de acesso: | http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/5613 |
Resumo: | Among the biological process to autotrophic biological nitrogen removal from wastewaters, the deammonification (partial nitritation/Anammox) stands out for providing greater efficiencies and reduced costs to the treatment of low C/N ratio effuents, like swine digestates. Despite the advances in the lastest years about the impletation of this process to the treatment of a wide variety of effluents, some gaps related to the ideal ammoniacal nitrogen concentration (substrate treatement), behavior and modulation of the microbial community, morphology and stability of the granular sludge in reactors, are not fully aswered. Such questions need to be better explored and investigated as a strategy to transfer and scale-up the optimized technology to the field. As a function of this, the present work was divided in two steps: (i) determine the best ammonia conditions and (ii) apply them in a single-phase reactor called NITRAMMOX®. In the first stage, based on mathematic tools and batch kinetic tests of specific substrate consumption, a wide variety of empirical kinetic models were tested. The aim was to determine the ideal substrate concentration to operate the deammonification process with high efficiency, performance and low inhibition to the Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and Anammox. Since the theoretical kinetic models showed inconsistent parameters to describe the process, a new kinetic model was proposed. With such, based on the kinetic model and the optimized conditions that provided the maximum specific activity and ammonia consumption (qmax), it was concluded that up to 500 mg NH3-N L -1, no inhibitions by substrate (ammonia and/or nitrite), free ammonia or free nitrous acid occurs in the deammonification process. The advantage of the new kinetic equation is that it can be applied to a range of substrates in the treatment of effluents to nitrogen removal. The validation of the kinetic model developed was the objective of the second step of the thesis. For such, in the NITRAMMOX® reactor operation was tested 3 operational phases: 100, 250 e 500 mg NH3-N L-1, during 355 operation days. Furthermore, during the reactor operation was also verified the behavior of the microbial community and granule morphology. Beyong the three operational phases, the maximum specific activity (qmax) and nitrogen removal efficiency were obtained with the NITRAMMOX® reactor operation under the conditions established by the kinetic model (500 mg NH3-N L-1; qmax = 40.7 mg NH3-N gVVS−1 h−1; NRE = 82.56%). Was also observed microrganism community modulation during the experiment. The higher abundance gene under the described conditions was Candidatus Brocadia (phylum Planctomycetes), and the granules morphology characeristics showed higher stability, due to the higher EPS excration and PN/PS ratio. The results obtained in this work validate the previously proposed model, since under the conditions determined by it the nitrogen removal efficiency of the process was maximized. These data also show the robustness and applicability of the NITRAMMOX® reactor to the treatment of wastewaters with high ammoniacal nitrogen concentration, being a subsidy to the technology future scale-up. |