Implementação de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos de serviços de saúde: experiência em um centro de hemodinâmica

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Ivanise Maria [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Medical Waste; Waste Management; Resíduos De Serviços De Saúde; Gerenciamento De Resíduos; Reciclagem
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=11174110; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/68271

Objective: To evaluate the quali-quantitative characteristics and destination of health service waste produced in a catheterization laboratory of a large tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil; and analyze the effect resulted through the implementation of a Solid Health Service Waste Management Program. Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive, exploratory, quali-quantitative study, with non-probabilistic sample based on all the waste generated in the supply area and procedure rooms, during six months before and six months after the implementation of a Solid Health Service Waste Management Program in the catheterization laboratory. Data analysis before the implementation of the Program occurred between March and August of 2015 following the Solid Health Service Waste Management Program implementation and, at last, 5 months later between March and August of 2016, the second data acquisition Program implementation was collected. The dataset were compiled through formularies elaborated by the author and analyzed using Microsoft Excel®, SPSS ® for Windows® version ; comparison between the two phases was run by using Mann-Whitney test with a 5% level of significance. Results: In the first phase, waste from 942 medical procedures and from the supply area was analyzed; those are the two locations that produced most waste. All waste produced in the procedures room were labeled as infected, sharp or chemical whereas those from the supply room as regular waste. The implementation of the Solid Health Service Waste Management Program occurred through lecture raising awareness about environment impact, implementation of 5R´s, meeting with members of main hospital-supplies companies and, finally, acquisition of dedicated containers for the appropriate waste disposal in each location of the catheterization laboratory. In the second data acquisition phase, waste from 929 medical procedures and from the supply area was analyzed. In the first phase, there were 6.1 tons (t) of waste, with an average of 5.8 kg/procedure, which results in an annual estimative of 12.25 t. In the second phase, post-implementation, there were 5.2 t of waste, with an average of 5.5 kg/procedure, therefore an annual estimative of 10.5 t. This represents an average reduction of 13% per procedure and annual waste-generation reduction of 1.6 t. The recyclable waste represented 25.1% of the total produced. The cardboard generation in the supply area was 93.3% inferior in the post-implementation phase. Conclusion: By reducing and classifying properly the waste, the health units not only reduce the disposal costs and the environmental threats, but also may recycle and included them in a reverse logistics program, reducing the amount of feedstock, energy and the required procedures to restore the products they use. Knowing the composition, the generation profile, which includes the locations that produce the most waste, and the professionals involved in the process are strategic tools to direct the flow and actions to reduce the volume and better manage those waste. It is important to highlight the need for continuing education of the professionals in order to consolidate the knowledge about the presented thematic, including utilizing the 5R´s policy, creation and consolidation of citizen awareness and employer`s socio-environmental responsibility.