Avaliação do desenvolvimento motor em uma amostra epidemiológica de pré-escolares

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Erika Felix [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Motor development; Preschoolers; Screen time; Motor skills; Desenvolvimento motor; Habilidades motoras; Tempo de tela; Pré-escolares; Primeira infância
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=9723785; https://hdl.handle.net/11600/64478

Human development represents a set of processes, from biological to sociocultural, that are continuously reorganized, producing changes in actions, perceptions, activities and interactions between the individual and the environment around them. The development of motor skills is fundamental for physical, mental and emotional adaptation, especially in childhood. It is also in early childhood that several risk factors can be observed and motor milestones followed clearly, facilitating the early identification of children with motor difficulties. Objective: To evaluate motor development and associate with activity habits, such as screen time, physical activity level and sleep duration, as well as indicators of mental disorders such as internalizing and externalizing symptoms, in a representative sample of children aged 4 to 6 years, from the public school system, in a city in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, in which the epidemiological sample was randomized for evaluation in 926 children in 23 preschools. Motor development was evaluated using the Motor Development Scale (EDM). In the statistical analyses, the following techniques were used: (1) descriptive analysis – to sum up the data; (2) logistic and multinomial regression - to verify associations between variables; (3) latent class analysis - to verify child development profiles. Results: they were presented in two articles, and Article 1 evaluated the motor development and the profile of preschool children's activity habits; and demonstrated that excessive screen time increased the risk of children performing poorly by 72%. In Article 2, we identified 3 development profiles, and 48.6% of the children in the sample did not present any risk. Another result indicates that low motor motricity was associated with higher scores of internalizing and externalizing problems. Conclusion: Given the evidence and importance of the results discussed in the thesis, in which it was verified the importance of motor skills in the integral development of preschoolers, the data of this study may be useful for the construction of interventions in this area, as well as assist professionals, researchers and educational management in the evaluation and improvement in the motor repertoire of children.