Comportamento alimentar de risco e estratégias de aprendizagem de adolescentes atletas do sexo masculino

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Uzunian, Laura Giron [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: adolescent; adolescent health; learning strategies; eating behavior; athletes; adolescente; saúde do adolescente; estratégias de aprendizagem; comportamento alimentar; atletas
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=1308824; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/46156

Eating behavior is influenced by the model of beauty imposed by society, which praises a thin body for women and the development of muscles for men. In the sports environment it is common to observe trainers and athletes adopting inappropriate dietary practices, in the search for success and the improvement in the sports performance. Those behaviors are considered the precursors of eating disorders and it is believed that they attack from 5% to 10% of male teenagers. The goal of this research was to relate risky eating behavior to the development of eating disorders with the learning strategies, in male teenage athletes in the city of São Paulo. It concerns an observational, prospective, transversal study with non-probabilistic sampling delineation. It involved teenagers with age between 10 to 19 incomplete years, practicing different sports modalities, in training centers in the city of São Paulo. They used self-applicable questionnaires to evaluate economical classification, eating behavior, dissatisfaction with body image and the use of learning strategies. Height and weight were used to calculate the Body Mass Index. The percentage of fat was evaluated by skin folds. The evaluation of sexual maturity was obtained through self-evaluation. The descriptive analysis was detailed through absolute numbers and proportions for categorical data. The quantitative data was presented by the means and standard deviations. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify the distribution of data; the Mann whitney to test the heterogeneity between the groups; the chi-square test to compare the categorical data; the t test from Student for independent samples. The logistic regression estimated the values of chance and the respective confidence interval, considering the risky behaviors for the eating disorders. The linear regression verified the magnitude of the body dissatisfaction scale with the respective independent variables. The “software” Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used to calculate. It was adopted the level of significance of p≤0,05. 246 teenagers were evaluated, with a medium age of 13,72±2,23 years old, the majority was in the stages G3 and G4 of sexual maturity, they were eutrophic and belonged to the economical class B. The prevalence of risky eating behavior for restriction was of 10,6% and for compulsion 22,8%. Individuals with a risky eating behavior for eating disorders showed higher dissatisfaction with body image. The medium score for the learning strategies scale was of 87,87±9,20 points. There was statistical association between the risky eating behavior for restriction and eating compulsion, with the learning strategies. The prevalence of risky eating behaviors for eating disorders is high, for restriction as well as for eating compulsion. Besides, there was a relation between eating behavior and the scale of learning strategies, suggesting that the repertoire of leaning strategies can exert protection against the development of eating alterations. The overweight and obese teenagers presented higher possibility of developing compulsion and the eutrophic to eating restriction, not being found an association between learning strategies and pubertal development.