Análise de variabilidade genômica do HIV-1 usando entropia informacional

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Carvalho, Elidamar Nunes de [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Information entropy; Genetic variability; Evolution of information; HIV-1; Entropia informacional; Variabilidade genética; Evolução da informação
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=3749008; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47068

Introduction: The increase of genetic data in recent years led efforts in the use and interpretation methods and techniques of engineering. These areas include methods of information theory, communications signals, and various statistical methods. AIDS is a pandemic that poses a serious public health problem and the variability caused by selective pressure, the use of antiretroviral drugs or the immune system, has been studied. This thesis discusses the importance of the methods of information theory, the analysis of variability patterns of HIV-1 and shows results of two independent manuscripts. Manuscript 1: Objectives: To quantify the temporal evolution and informational entropy of the HIV-1 envelope genome, as well as genomic distance in an epidemiological cluster. Methods: temporal quantitative analysis of HIV-1 envelope entropy of a cluster linked epidemiologically. Variables related to variability were considered in each residue of the genomic region C2V3C3 env HIV-1 gene, and the entropy metric slinding window. Results: the envelope evolves independent of viral origin. Conclusions: The informational entropy of the HIV-1 envelope genome is time dependent, showing selective pressure in the genome influenced by the immune system. Manuscript 2: Objectives: To quantify the variability of protease and reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 and investigate the correlation between entropy, viral load, CD4 + and the amount of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in patients on treatment failure. Methods: We analyzed the relationship informational entropy of protease and reverse transcriptase of HIV-1, according to the amount of resistance and therapeutic exposures mutations to antiretroviral drugs, CD4 + cell count and viral load in patients who have failed therapy antiretroviral. The variables considered were informational entropy residue correlation between CD4 + T lymphocytes count, viral load and entropy, relative to the amount of therapeutic exposures, resistance mutations and entropy. Results: The amount of antiretroviral therapy is to score the number of resistance mutations. There is an inverse correlation between the amount of CD4 + T cells, and genomic viral load entropy in HIV-1 patients resistant to the antiretroviral. The resistance to antiretroviral therapy is proportional to the administered therapeutic class. Conclusions: The amount of antiretroviral therapy is to score the number of resistance mutations, which is directly related to the amount of genomic informational entropy of HIV-1. Using the methods of information theory is useful in the analysis of variability and evolution of HIV-1.