Avaliação da segurança dos playgrounds das escolas de uma cidade de médio porte no sul do Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Garcia Neto, Victor Manuel Brizida [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Trauma; Child; Accidents; Wound and injuries; Accidental falls; Playground; Acidentes; Crianças; Quedas
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=4174486; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/47989

Introduction: Injuries caused by accidents in playgrounds are common in childhood and according to previous studies have their severity underestimated. A large amount of these accidents occurs during school time. In Brazil, the leading cause of death among children over one year is due with external causes. Between 1998 and 2012, it is estimated that playground related injuries resulted in 6218 hospitalizations and 45 deaths. Objectives: To assess the safety of playgrounds in schools located in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: Cross-sectional observational descriptive study. Sixty-four schools in the city of Pelotas were visited. During these visits an interview with the teacher in charge and an evaluation of the maintenance conditions of the playgrounds were performed, following a previously designed questionnaire. Variables analyzed: school characterization, presence of data collection instruments and accident record, accident response flow, supervisor training and prevention strategies, schedule of maintenance of play areas and toys, evaluation of surface and toys according to ABNT rules. Results: Of the 64 selected schools, one withdrew from the study and 4 closed. Of the 59 schools assessed, 42.4% were private, 37.3% municipal public, 13.6% state public and 6.8% philanthropic. Fifty percent affirmed registering the accidents, 92.7% reported that all activities were supervised and 65.6% informed having accident prevention strategies. Of the 92.7% that affirmed having prevention strategies, 78% stated calling the parents and 7% calling the emergency ambulance service (SAMU). 44% did not have a maintenance program for playground equipment. Regarding playground surfaces, 24.5% used sand, 14.3% grass, 18.4% concrete, 10.2% stone gravel, 4.1% synthetic grass, 2% rubber and 26.5% packed dirt. 94% of the schools showed inadequacies in composition or depth of the surface. 39.6% of the playgrounds had equipment with damaged parts, 50% with rust and 14.6% had wood fibers. 93.5% had maximal fall height less than 2 meters. Conclusions: The assessment of safety conditions of the school?s playgrounds in the city of Pelotas revealed a high number of inadequacies in the main criteria evaluated.