Conhecimento e práticas de nutricionistas dos munícipios do Estado de São Paulo na execução do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar para estudantes com necessidades alimentares especiais

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Natalia de Carvalho [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
• Palavras-chave em Português: Food and nutritional security; School feeding; Special dietary needs; Specific menus; Segurança alimentar e nutricional; Alimentação escolar; Necessidades alimentares especiais; Cardápios específicos
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=8302372; https://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/59177

School feeding should be offered considering aspects such as quality, quantity, adequacy and variety of food. These principles should also include attendance of the student with special dietary needs or specific health conditions. The objectives of this study were: 1 - to evaluate the knowledge and practices of nutritionists in the care of students with special dietary needs (NAE) in the municipalities of the State of São Paulo; 2 - qualitatively evaluate the menus for attending students with NAE through the method of Qualitative Evaluation of the Preparations of the School Menu. For data collection, a structured questionnaire was elaborated by the responsible technical nutritionist of each municipality participating in the research. Being the 194 nutritionists who participated in the study, 128 affirmed to have done some type of specialization and average time of experience in school feeding of 9,3 years. Most professionals (91.8%) demonstrated sufficient knowledge, with a mean score of 8.8 on a scale of 0 to 10. The most prevalent cases of special dietary needs reported were lactose intolerance, diabetes mellitus and allergy to dyes. Regarding the attendance of the students with NAE, 16% of the municipalities affirmed to elaborate specific menus, while 64.4% reported to draw up substitution lists. The receipt of a medical report was reported by 59 nutritionists as the greatest difficulty found for the care of students with NAE and 76 professionals stated that waiting time is the greatest challenge to acquire substitute food. Significant correlation was verified between the self-management model and the waiting time of specific product acquisition. It was found that nutritional monitoring, acceptability tests and Food and Nutrition Education activities are insufficient to meet the needs of the public with NAE. In relation to the analyzed menus, the in natura food supply complied with that recommended by the PNAE (National School Feeding Program) regulations, but it was identified a low frequency of protein foods, mainly in menus that demanded milk and derivative restriction. High frequency of flatulent and hard-digestible foods, fatty foods and canned foods was observed. Student attendance with NAE requires better operationalization and must overcome limitations in order to achieve intersectoral coverage of health and education and be able to consider the student as a whole.