Estudos das variações intraespecíficas/interpopulacionais e avaliação da atividade anti-leishmania dos óleos voláteis das folhas de Guarea macrophylla Vahl. ssp. tuberculata Vellozo (Meliaaceae)

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Emerson Alves de [UNIFESP]
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de São Paulo
• Palavras-chave em Português: Guarea macrophylla; Meliaceae; Antiparasitic activity; Volatile oil; Special metabolites; Atividade antiparasitária; Óleo volátil; Metabólitos especiais
• Link de acesso: https://sucupira.capes.gov.br/sucupira/public/consultas/coleta/trabalhoConclusao/viewTrabalhoConclusao.jsf?popup=true&id_trabalho=2377544; http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/46908

The present work studies the chemical composition of intraspecific and interpopulational variations of the volatile oils contained on G. macrophylla leaves. For the accomplishment of such study were collected five samples of two different specimens located on the cities of São Paulo (I) and Cubatão (II) every three months along the term of one year. Thru CG, CG/EM analysis and calculation of Kovats indices were identified 57 compounds. Besides that, it was noticed a phytogeografical variation, being that the oil collected from (I) showed larger qualitative diversity (57 compounds) in relation to oil collected from (II) (32 compounds). Nonetheless, a chemical similarity was noticed since the sesquiterpenes were majority in both oils 73.27±0.64% to 85.87±0.76% and 68.24±1.72% to 80.78±1.76%, for I and II respectively. Three meteorological variables were monitored during the study, median maximum temperature, median minimum temperature and total precipitation indices. From the meteorological variables analysis and compilation it was possible to identify a different climatic profile for both cities, which according to literature and our field observations may have influenced the oils variations in gain and compounds, being that the gain might have influenced directly by the total precipitation. The raw volatile oils in the five samples collected also underwent anti-Leishmania trials using promastigotes and amastigotes from L. (L.) amazonensis. The anti-promastigote evaluation the volatile oils showed CE50 results varying from 11.8±5.2 to 17.2±5.1 and 12.0±1.2 to 20.5 ±2.7 µg/mL for subjects I and II respectively, indicating a strong anti-promastigote action. In the anti-amastigote evaluation the volatile oils from subject I shows significant dose dependent anti-amastigote action. Nonetheless, the dose dependent anti-amastigote action was not observed on subject II. The results of the anti-amastigote activity observed on subject I are coincidently inverse to the seasonal bicyclogermacrene variation percentage presented by the same subject, which suggests possible direct action of this compound in the infection indexes. The volatile oils also underwent trials for cytotoxicity (macrophage J774) and IS calculation, for cytotoxicity the CC50 varied from 65.6±6.1 to ?100 and 17.7±4.6 to 32.3±2.8 µg/mL for subjects I and II respectively. The verified index selectivity were 4.8 to ?5.8 and 1.2 to 2.7 for subjects I and II respectively. Due to the pharmacological potential observed in this study, the G. macrophylla?s volatile oil may be considered as a potential source for future studies in search of a prototype, thus enabling the development of antiparasitic pharmacos and phytotherapies.