Extração e caracterização de compostos bioativos de Lupinus albescens utilizando fluidos pressurizados

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Confortin, Tássia Carla
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Engenharia Agrícola; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola; Centro de Ciências Rurais
• Palavras-chave em Português: Lupinus albescens; Extração; Caracterização; Dióxido de carbono supercrítico; Gás liquefeito de petróleo pressurizado; Atividade antioxidante; Potencial antifúngico; Extraction; Characterization; Supercritical carbon dioxide; Pressurized liquefied petroleum gas; Antioxidant activity; Antifungal potential; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ENGENHARIA AGRICOLA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11785

The use of chemicals, in excessive doses or inadequately, in the control of pests and diseases in agriculture, has promoted environmental damage, contamination of animals, intoxication of farmers, among others. Looking for less aggressive control alternatives, plant extracts have been successfully used and are a differentiated and a promising option for the integrated management in plant protection. These products are considered an alternative for the control of phytopathogens. They do not cause harm to the environment and to living beings. One of the techniques for extracting plant extracts is the extraction wiyh supercritical/pressurized fluids. This thechnology appears as a great option which is economically viable and ecologically correct. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to investigate the potential of extraction of extracts from flowers, leaves, stalks and roots of Lupinus albescens, using pressurized fluids as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2). Furthermore, the objective was to evaluate the kinetic parameters, adjusting to a mathematical spline model. Characterization of extracts and evaluation of their potential in biological control, was performed. In the supercritical fluid extraction with CO2 (SFE-CO2) pressure ranged between 150 to 250 bar and temperature ranged between 40 and 60ºC. In the extraction with compressed LPG, these parameters were fixed between 15 and 35 bar and 25 and 45ºC, respectively. The yield of extraction, kinetic parameters, chemical profile and antifungal effect were evaluated. Maximum yield of extract obtained from different matrices was 1.28% in leaves with solvent LPG under 45°C and 15 bar. The chemical profiles were similar for all matrices and solvents investigated, highlighting stigmasterol. With respect to minimum inhibitory concentration, it rang ed from 29.248 to 192.965 μg mL-1. For antifungal tests, all extracts showed inhibitory powers for Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium verticillioides. Plant extract obtained from roots showed superior inhibition power, as 70.12% (CO2) and 65.12% (LPG) for Fusarium oxysporum, and 67.76% CO2) anda 61.15% (LPG) for Fusarium verticillioides. From the results obtained in this work, it is possible confirm that the supercritical extraction or using pressurized fluid is a promising methodology for obtaining bioactive compounds from Lupinus albescens, which presented antifungal potential for both fungi investigated in this work.