Adubação nitrogenada em videiras jovens e em produção

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Lorensini, Felipe
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BR; Agronomia; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo
• Palavras-chave em Português: Nitrogênio; Crescimento de plantas; Componentes de produção; Vitis vinifera; Nitrogen; Cutting development; Yield components; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3347

In the Campanha Gaúcha from Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), vines has been cultivated under sandy soils with low organic matter content; therefore they have a low nitrogen (N) supply capacity and inputs of N fertilizers are necessary. Moreover, there is a lack of information about the responses of nitrogen fertilization over the cuttings, production, nutritional status and must composition. The study aimed to evaluate the increment of N forms in the soil and the response of young vines and also evaluate the nutritional status and must composition in adult vines production. To evaluate the response of N addition in young vines an experiment was carried out in Santana do Livramento (RS) from October 2011 to December 2012, using vines of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir varieties which received 0, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg N ha- 1 year-1. Soil samples at 0-10 and 10-20 cm were collected and analyzed to evaluate the levels of N-NH4 +, N-NO3 -, N total and calculate the mineral N. In plants, were evaluated the N total of leaves, realized SPAD readings, stem diameter, plant height and mass of pruned material. For rating the impact of nitrogen fertilization in adult vines an experiment was carried out in Rosario do Sul (RS) where vines Cabernet Sauvigon received 0, 10, 15, 20, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1 year-1. Along the harvests of 2008/ 09, 2009/ 10 and 2010/11 leaves were collected in the flowering and changing the color of berries, total N content was analyzed, the production of grapes was quantified and the enological attributes of must were evaluated. Application of N rates (in young Chardonnay and Pinot Noir plots), did not affect the concentrations of NNH4 +, N-NO3 - and mineral N in the 0-10 cm layer and had small effect in the 10-20 cm layer soil. There was an increase in N content in the leaves of vines, which resulted in increased plant vigor, measured by stem diameter, plant height and mass of material from pruning. Readings SPAD-520 did not detect the increment of the total N content in the leaves of the young vines of both cultivars. On mature vines, the response to N application was not significant, so that the greatest grape production was obtained with the application of 15 kg N ha-1 year-1. The N content increased in the leaves collected in full flowering, but had small effect on the total content of nutrients in the must and did not interfere in their enological attributes, as soluble solids, pH, total acidity and malic acid and tartaric acid.