Alteridade e saúde mental: no dia-a-dia dos pequenos detalhes de uma rede de atenção psicossocial

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Diogo Faria Corrêa da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Psicologia; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia; Centro de Ciências Sociais e Humanas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Alteridade; Representação social; Psicologia social; Saúde mental; Alterity; Social representation; Social psychology; Mental health; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/33365

This thesis seeks to contribute to facing a major challenge for the field of care and psychosocial attention in the Unified Health System (SUS): the perspective of relationships established with another other than myself, another as a subject of desires, beyond the condition of “mentally ill”, stereotypes and stigmas that represent the experience of madness and psychological suffering. It is, therefore, the theme of otherness that aims to be problematized as a device for mental health care based on the epistemological framework of the Theory of Social Representations (TRS) and Critical Social Psychology. In this way, the research used the Singular Therapeutic Project (PTS) as a field to research the issue of otherness, based on the premise of “Singular” as a link with its polysemic perspective. The main objective of the research was to understand the otherness in mental health care relationships in the services of the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS) of the 4th Regional Health Coordination (4th CRS), an organ of the State Health Secretariat of Rio Grande do Sul (SES /RS), Brazil. The following specific objectives were proposed: a) carry out a survey of how Singular Therapeutic Projects have been conducted in RAPS services, identifying their stages and work processes; b) analyze the meanings and practices of workers regarding the process of conducting Singular Therapeutic Projects; c) identify the main difficulties in achieving it; and d) study the processes of otherness as a care device for the field of psychosocial care. In terms of method, this is a qualitative health research, of the participatory type, in which the following procedures were used: 1st phase of the research – Documentary Research; 2nd phase of the research - Carrying out Narrative Interviews, 8 interviews with professionals from Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS), 7 with hospital professionals and 9 with users, totaling 24 interviews. In addition to these instruments, the use of the field diary stands out as an essential tool for recording the entire research journey. As results, the thesis presents an experience report about the 1st phase of the research, accompanied by the categorization resulting from the interviews. Two major analytical categories were constructed: 1) Thinking about otherness in the field of psychosocial care and 2) Work Processes. Category 1 was subdivided into two themes: 1) conceptions of otherness and 2) otherness and mental health care relationships. Category 2 presented two themes: 1) conceptions of a unique therapeutic project and 2) construction of the PTS. In the analyzes and interpretations, the research highlighted the unfamiliarity with the word otherness for mental health workers, having been anchored through the ideas of putting oneself in the other's shoes; empathy; from the differences; and boundaries between self and other. Regarding the relationships between otherness and care, the expansion of the concept of clinic was evident based on contact precisely with the effects of otherness in the field of psychosocial care, through processes of identification and involvement on the part of workers. As for category 2, the analyzes highlighted the lack of knowledge of the PTS tool on the part of users and the lack of familiarity for workers. CAPS workers indicated that they use diluted PTS in their daily work, through case discussions and individual and group assistance; Hospital workers demonstrated more punctual and demarcated use of the PTS through notions of health planning such as postdischarge goals and objectives. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that the notion of otherness is unfamiliar to the majority of research participants, in the same way as the use of PTS. The research also highlighted the absence of social representations about PTS for users, being an analyzer of the psychosocial dynamics between care relationships. Furthermore, the thesis focuses on the idea of otherness as a care device for psychosocial care, conceived based on its analytical capacity for the relationships between the Self and the Other