Potencial para produção de hidrogênio verde via eletrólise fotovoltaica da água para comunidades isoladas na Amazônia legal

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Vianna, Paulo Cezar Piovesan
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Engenharia Elétrica; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica; Centro de Tecnologia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Hidrogênio verde; Sistemas isolados; Irradiação; Eletrolisadores; Células a combustível; Produção e armazenamento de energia; Green hydrogen; Isolated systems; Irradiation; Electrolyzers; Fuel cells; Energy production and storage; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/31937

The increasing expansion in demand of the energy resources experienced in the last decades combined with the emission of tons of polluting gases in the atmosphere has raised concerns that society has never experienced before, primarily for the future exhaustion of renewable resources on a large time scale or for the climate disasters. Therefore, search to for new tools to circumvent these troublesome they have become crucial. Between the constant disputes by replacing the non-renewable sources for friendly generation sources, to find routes to clean fuels and at low cost has become a large challenge. Green hydrogen has the ability to assist the development of the other energy chains the example urban mobility the use of fuel cell vehicles, the expansion of small networks off-grid and the maturing of topologies oriented on hydrogen from electrolysis. The severe problem of isolated communities in the legal Amazon is related not only to energy production, nevertheless also to their storage. Therefore, not every fraction of hydrogen consumed during periods without generation photovoltaic generation it can be stored to subsequent exploitation in moments of irradiation deficit. Following the same purpose, this dissertation search to explore the production and storage potential of green hydrogen in the Amazon region of Coari/AM through photovoltaic electrolysis seeking to eliminate the dependence of local communities of Isolated Electricity Systems (SISOL). For that, the technique selected for hydrogen synthesis it was developed in conjunction with primary source modeling, of a PEM electrolyzer (PEMEC) and a PEM fuel cell (PEMFC). The simulations were providing for real environmental data that were selected and treated for each case in analysis. To evaluate different operational situations, it was used the polarization curves. In them, were simulated nine different voltage efficiency points to the PEMEC and power density for the PEMFC. The irradiation values were separated into three groups seeking to approximate conditions with a higher degree of weathering of the study region, the first test being and the others located under the influence of the clearness index (Kt). Different residential load models were also incorporated in the cases evaluated. The initial results revealed that the voltage efficiency of the PEMEC and the hours sunlight (HSP) wield greatest influence in the hydrogen mass flow rates produced and stored. The trend was accompanied proportionally the residential load dimension the to be feed. The worst cases were followed by low voltage yields of the electrolyzer and of the HSP constrained at 5 hours together with average values of (Kt) less than 0.5.