Efeito de dieta suplementada com selênio em carpas (Cyprinus carpio) expostas a atrazina

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Marins, Aline Teixeira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BR; Ciências Biológicas; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal
• Palavras-chave em Português: Peixes; Disseleneto de difenila; Herbicida; Estresse oxidativo; Fish; Diphenyl diselenide; Herbicide; Oxidative stress; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5335

The water pollution, derived from several human activities, results in harmful effects to the ecosystems involved. In order to verify the potential toxicity of xenobiotics, it is usual to use carps (Cyprinus carpio) as exposure model. Among the pollutants that could cause damage to aquatic biota, it is believed that selective herbicides, such as atrazine (ATZ), have low toxic effect on wildlife. However, there are reports of direct effects on development, growth, reproduction and behavior of fish exposed to ATZ. Considering that selenium is an essential trace element for the adequate cell function and is present in important antioxidant enzymes, is very important its appropriate food supply for fish. Therefore, supplementation of diets with selenium compounds increases the antioxidant profile of several model organisms, protecting them from adverse effects of environmental pollutants. Considering the harmful effects from exposure to ATZ, this study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of diet supplemented with diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2], an organic compound of selenium, in carps exposed to ATZ. Thus, carp were fed for 60 days with diet control and diet supplemented with 3 mg/kg of (PhSe)2. Subsequently, they were exposed to ATZ (concentrations of 0, 2, and 10 μg/L) for 96h. At the end of the experiment, the carps were euthanized and tissues (gills, liver and muscle) were dissected and frozen for further biochemical assays. ATZ accumulated in muscle of carp directly related to the concentration of exposure. It was observed that both ATZ concentrations generated oxidative damage, represented by lipid peroxidation, measured as thiobarbituric reactive species (TBARS) levels. The protein oxidation, measured as the protein carbonyl content, showed an increase compared to the control results. Dietary supplementation with (PhSe)2 prevented oxidative damage, maintaining the levels of TBARS and protein carbonyl content similar to control . Exposure to ATZ inhibited the activity of the enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), however this inhibition was relatively prevented in carp fed with (PhSe)2. Thus, acute exposure to ATZ caused biochemical changes in carp, and some of these alterations were prevented by dietary supplementation with (PhSe)2.