Transesterificação de óleo de soja com carbonato de dimetila catalisada por metóxido de potássio

Detalhes bibliográficos
Ano de defesa: 2017
Autor(a) principal: Celante, Dian
Orientador(a): Não Informado pela instituição
Banca de defesa: Não Informado pela instituição
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
Idioma: por
Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Brasil
Engenharia Química
UFSM
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química
Centro de Tecnologia
Programa de Pós-Graduação: Não Informado pela instituição
Departamento: Não Informado pela instituição
País: Não Informado pela instituição
Palavras-chave em Português:
Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/14053
Resumo: World biodiesel production is growing up every year mainly due to government policies that require its consumption. However, biodiesel self-cost still makes it uncompetitive compared to petrodiesel, and one of the reasons is the chemical route currently used for its production, which generates glycerol as a co-product. As a result, alternative chemical routes have emerged, such as transesterification with dimethyl carbonate using alkaline catalysts. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the transesterification reaction of soybean oil with dimethyl carbonate catalyzed by potassium methoxide to produce biodiesel. A recrystallization process of the catalyst was developed in the presence of methanol. Reaction variables were evaluated as time, temperature, reagent molar ratio and catalyst concentration. The best condition was 80 °C, 6: 1 dimethyl carbonate to oil molar ratio and 2wt% of catalyst relative to oil for 15 minutes of reaction with a triglycerides conversion higher than 99%. Methanol influence on the reaction medium was also investigated. Besides, the comparison between catalyzed reactions with the recrystallized and non-recrystallized catalyst was performed, resulting in higher conversions for recrystallized catalyst. Potassium quantification in the biodiesel phase was also carried out, indicating that a washing step in the biodiesel was necessary to remove the catalyst. Recrystallization process showed to be efficient and increased the reaction rate, consuming all soybean oil in a short time.