Capim capivara: tratamentos pré-germinativos, superação da dormência de sementes e sensibilidade a herbicidas

• Ano de defesa: 2011
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Keli Souza da
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BR; Agronomia; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Hymenachne amplexicaulis; Arroz irrigado; Sementes; herbicidas; Flooded rice; Seeds; Herbicides; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5043

The West Indian Marsh Grass is a native grass to tropical areas of Central and South America, which grows in wetlands, supporting intermittent periods of flooding. Their forms of propagation by fragments of rhizomes, rooting of lower nodes of stem and the high seed production facilitates population growth and dispersal of the weed to new areas. In Brazil, beyond natural pasture in the Amazonia and Pantanal regions, has been reported as invasive flooded rice in Rio Grande do Sul. So, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of pre-germinative treatments on overcoming dormancy of seeds (Chapter I), determine the viability of their seeds, by adapting the methodology of the tetrazolium test (Chapter II) and finally determine the control and reduction of biomass, caused by different doses of selective herbicides and total control in young and perennial plants (Chapter III). Seed exposure to potassium nitrate 0.2%, immersion in water for 48 hours and removal of the glumes, promoted the overcoming dormancy and accelerated the germination process. The seeds analyzed had high viability (89%), and six hours of hydration of seeds without glumes, with subsequent longitudinal slitting of the embryos and immersed in tetrazolium solution at 0.5% for four hours at a temperature of 23 ± 1 ° C, was appropriate for the species. As to chemical control, young plants, showed greater sensitivity to lower doses of herbicides cyhalofop-butyl and ammonium glufosinate, however, in the doses tested, only the glyphosate and the formulated mixture de Imazapic and imazapir caused the death plants. In perennial plants, control and reduction of biomass, caused by both herbicides were unsatisfactory.