Associação entre níveis séricos de vitamina D e parâmetros clínicos periodontais

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Melo, Cristiane Carvalho Santos
• Orientador(a): Pereira, Fabiano Alvim
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde
• Palavras-chave em Português: Doença periodontal; Periodontite; Vitamina D; Deficiência de Vitamina D; Perda de Inserção Clínica
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Deficiency Vitamin D; Periodontal Disease; Periodontitis; Vitamin D; Loss of Clinical Insertion
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/13773

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic, multifactorial and polymicrobial chronic inflammatory process that results in the destruction of periodontal support tissues and negatively impacts overall health. It is highly prevalent reaching over one billion people worldwide. Vitamin D (VD) is a steroid hormone with an important role in bone homeostasis; due to its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, the VD deficiency reaches between 30 to 50% of the population in general. Variations in vitamin D levels may in part modulate effects of tissue destruction on periodontitis. Preliminary epidemiological survey of the study population of rural workers in Sergipe showed a prevalence of periodontal bone loss in more than 90% of the subjects. The vitamin D level are unknown in this population. Objective : To investigate the association between serum vitamin D levels and periodontal clinical parameters. Casuistry and Methods: The study is observational of the crosssectional type, with primary data collection in rural volunteers, all residents live in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. In addition to anamnesis, the volunteers were examined clinically with a periochart, where fully erupted teeth were evaluated, with the exception of third molars. Six sites per tooth were probed for the parameters probing depth, loss of insertion bone, presence of bleeding on probing and presence of plaque and calculus (complete mouth protocol). The levels of VD were measured by automated chemiluminescence, following the manufacturer's specifications and dosed according to the classification of Endocrine Society. Results: the sample included 85 volunteers with VD and total periodontal evaluation, of these 32.9% women and 67.1% men. Serum level of vitamin D below the reference value (30 ng/ml) was found in 12.9% of the volunteers, and the prevalence was significantly higher among women 25.0% than men 7.0% (p = 0.035). The periodontal parameters presented a statistically significant difference between the VD groups for the sites of more severe bone loss (above 6mm loss - p = 0.012) and (above 7mm loss - p = 0.027), but this severe periodontal clinical situation was not very prevalent among the women in the sample. Conclusion: The analyzed sample presented numerical increase and percentage of clinical insertion bone loss and probing depth in volunteers with vitamin D below 30 ng/ml. The association of periodontal parameters and VD level did not reached statistical significance. The VD deficiency presented low frequency, possibly due to sociodemographic characteristics. The population sample is of great socioeconomic vulnerability and because it is inserted in a rural locality of the Brazilian northeast has difficulty of access to health services. It was observed that the sociodemographic factors negatively influenced the periodontal clinical parameters and all evaluated volunteers were diagnosed with periodontitis, most of whom were in an advanced stage. Studies with larger, independent samples and with greater control of the limitations inherent in the research to elucidate the role of vitamin D in periodontitis are necessary.