Cálculos dos coeficientes de conversão de dose equivalente e dose efetiva em termos da fluência para prótons utilizando simulador antropomórfico híbrido feminino e masculino na postura vertical e sentada e o código MCNPX

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Alves, Matheus Carvalho
• Orientador(a): Carvalho Júnior, Albérico Blohem de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Física
• Palavras-chave em Português: Radiologia; Radiação; Monte Carlo, Método de; Radiação ionizante; Modelos matemáticos; Simulação (Computadores); Simulador UFHADF; Simulador UFHADM; Código MCNPX; Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Computer simulation; Ionizing radiation; Mathematical models; Monte Carlo method; Radiation; Radiology
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5299

Ionizing radiation has a harmful potential to humans, so the protection of workers and public individuals is fundamental for the safe use of radiation in different practical purpose. Therefore, is necessary to set exposure limits to radiation using dosimetric quantities such as equivalent dose and effective dose. However equivalent and effective dose are not directly measured, so it is necessary calculate conversion coefficients (CCs) which relates this quantities with measured quantities such as particles fluence. In the literature exposure scenarios are, in general, built with simulator in the standing posture, but exposure of individuals to radiation can occur in other posture, so the aim of this work is calculate and compare the absorbed dose-to-fluence conversion coefficients (DT/ ) and effective dose-to-fluence conversion coefficients (E/ ) for the female hybrid simulator (UFHADF) in the standing and sitting posture and for the male hybrid simulator (UFHADM) in the standing posture using the Monte Carlo code MCNPX for monoenergetic protons from 2 MeV to 10 GeV and in the antero posterior (AP), postero anterior (PA), right lateral (RLAT), left lateral (LLAT), rotational (ROT) and isotropic (ISO) exposure scenarios. Comparing the CCs between standing and sitting posture of UFHADF simulator, it was observed that in the AP and PA irradiation geometry the relative differences in the head, chest and the superior abdomen organs were not relevant. However in the others irradiation geometries, for some organs in the abdomen and chest region differences in CCs were observed. The organs that presented more differences in CCs were uterus (538 % in RLAT geometry), bladder (80 % in ROT geometry) and ovaries (2861 % in LLAT geometry) since this organs are located in the lower abdominal region, in which the position of legs and arms are different between standing and sitting posture. Calculate the DT/ e E/ nconversion coefficients using simulator in the sitting posture is important to estimate more precisely the dose in individuals exposed to radiation in actual scenarios.