Reflexões sobre as contribuições do estudo dos modelos mentais de equilibrio químico na formação de professores de química

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Ana Carla de Oliveira
• Orientador(a): Melo, Marlene Rios
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ensino de química; Formação de professores; Cognição; Aprendizagem; Professores de química; Modelos mentais; Equilíbrio químico
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Chemistry; Cognition; Teachers; Mental models; Chemical equilibrium; Teacher training
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5172

This investigation aims to identify the possible mental models presented by the students of the degree in chemistry at the Universidad Federal de Sergipe (UFS), about the contents of chemical equilibrium as well as understand the elements and paths used by licenciandos in the construction of their mental models and how the recognition of these assist in the process of both the conceptual formation of licenciandos, as in teaching. The survey was developed with licenciandos of two different classes of chemistry course degree from the institution, supervised internship for the chemistry teaching and methodology and instrumentation for teaching of chemistry in semesters of 2012/2 2013/2 respectively, and accounting for 47 out of a total of licenciandos 60 licenciandos enrolled. In This research to discover the possible mental models formed by licenciandos in an attempt to explain a given phenomenon or situation, sought through a given situation of balance, understanding how occurs for the understanding of scientific concepts by licenciandos and through the explanations given to the phenomenon observed, identify the possible mental models through the interpretation of the data obtained and of the models cast by licenciandos In addition to understanding the paths used for the construction of these possible mental models. The theoretical framework adopted is the Model theory with Metals Moreira (1996) and of the assumptions adopted by Just (2010) in understanding the different types of models, including the mental models, which are of fundamental importance for the development of the teaching and learning process. The theory of mental models, generally proposes to study the cognitive of individuals, namely how human thinking works and develops its reasoning, and therefore, a mental model is one of the forms of representation from reality produced from personal interpretations between the scientist and the phenomenon studied. The survey was conducted with the assumption the qualitative methodology, where are present the exploratory approach and the case study. The data of this research were built from the questionnaires of texts produced by the licenciandos and the audio and video recordings made by prior permission granted via consent form signed by the respondents. The results obtained reveal the difficulties of licenciandos in understanding the theory of chemical equilibrium and consequently the establishment of mental models close to explain a scientific phenomenon, showing mental models relatively simple, well close to the mental models expressed by middle school students (MACHADO and ARAGÃO, 1996), which brings us to the hypothesis of the research in teaching are not being contemplated to improve the training of teachers In addition to identifying cognitive problems involving the licenciandos. We conclude also that mental models can serve as a foundation to build or adapt teaching and learning strategies on the basis of previous students mental models, enabling a better conceptual understanding.