Sistemas microemulsionados contendo óleo essencial de Lippia gracilis : obtenção, caracterização e potencial ação amebicida

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Vanessa dos Santos Alcantara
• Orientador(a): Nunes, Rogéria de Souza
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Farmácia; Acanthamoeba; Ceratite amebiana; Microemulsão; Lippia gracilis
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Amoebic keratitis; Microemulsion
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6923

Free-living amoebae (AVL), belonging to the genus Acanthamoeba are widely distributed in nature, being found in various types of soil and water, in the air, in air conditioning and sewage, and other environments. These amoebae are able to cause severe disease in human beings, highlighting the granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and keratitis. The amoebic keratitis is an infectious disease that affects the cornea and it can lead to blindness, with symptoms such as blurred vision, intense pain, photophobia and increased eye pressure. Users of contact lenses are more amenable to this type of infection because they may present microtraumatisms in the cornea, which makes the environment favorable action of these amoebae. There is no effective treatment for this disease and most used drugs suffers resistance from the parasite and others such as corticosteroids, they may give an initial improvement, but then the worsening of the disease. The solutions for cleaning contact lenses are also not efficient in eliminating this parasite, since the ISO 14729 and FDA (Food and Drug Administration, USA), which regulate the microbiological requirements and test methods for the production of hygiene products for contact lenses do not require that such solutions are tested against Acanthamoeba, which makes users more amenable to this type of lenses infection. In view of this, the objective of this study was to develop a microemulsion with the essential oil of L. gracilis and check its amoebicide potential front of trophozoites of Acanthamoeba castellanii. The formulations were prepared by using the phase diagram, using Tween 80 and propylene glycol as surfactant and co-surfactant of the system. The physico-chemical characterization of the formulations was performed by analysis of polarized light microscopy, rheology, light low angle scattering (SAXS), electrical conductivity, particle size and polydispersity. Amoebicide front activity assays for trophozoite A. castellanii formulation in question and all its separate excipients were performed. The obtained samples had transparent and thermodynamically stable to droplet size and characteristic polydispersity index microemulsion. The formulations presented are isotropic in polarized light microscopy and, through SAXS curves, it was observed that the formulations showed characteristics bicontinuous microemulsion. These formulations showed low electrical conductivity which can be associated with high amount of nonionic surfactant. The rheological properties of the system have shown that they possess newtonian behavior characteristic of microemulsion and that the viscosity increases when the amount of oil decreases and hence the droplet size. In bioassays, the surfactants showed no significant activity against the trophozoites and the essential oil of L. gracilis showed an IC50 of 9,52μg / ml. When the test was conducted with the microemulsion containing the same oil, this IC 50 fell to 2.55 μg / ml and using a formulation with smaller droplet tamnho this value fell to 0.65μg/ml, thus proving the efficacy of nanossistema.