Potencial de uso do lodo de esgoto e de seu biocarvão visando as propriedades físico-hídricas de um solo cultivado com café conilon (Coffea canephora)

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Santana, Isaac Leal de
• Orientador(a): Gonzaga, Maria Isidória Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Recursos Hídricos
• Palavras-chave em Português: Recursos hídricos; Lodo residual; Solos – Absorção; Solos – Umidade – Medição; Biocarvão; Café - Cultivo
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Water resources; Residual sludge; Coffee cultivation
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/14261

Natural resource degradation, especially soil and water, has been observed for a long time, to the point of threatening the sustainability of ecosystems. Therefore, measures that alleviate environmental impacts, contribute to the recovery of affected areas and improve agricultural productivity are necessary and urgent. Application of organic waste in the form of biochar, especially from sewage sludge, has been considered a very promising environmental management to improve soil and water quality in agricultural areas. Sewage sludge is produced in large amount in the waste water treatment plants and is rich in carbon and other nutrients such as N and P. The present study was carried out in the experimental station of the Federal University of Sergipe, in a randomized block design, with 3 treatments (sewage sludge biochar, uncharred sewage sludge and control) and 6 replications. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the biochar from sewage sludge in some physical properties of a Red Yellow Argisol Typical Dystrophic cultivated with conilon coffee. The water retention curve, pore size distribution, soil density, soil mechanical resistance to penetration and optimal water range were determined. Soil moisture was monitored with the Diviner Probe. The productivity of coffee was also evaluated. The results were evaluated using the statistical program SISVAR. The application of sewage sludge and its biochar improved soil water storage capacity, soil resistance to root penetration, soil density and coffee productivity, which was probably benefited by the extra supply of N and P present in the organic waste. An increase of 73% (Sludge) and 44% (Sludge Biochar) was observed in grain yield in relation to the control. There was an increase in the optimal water range, mainly due to the increase of the field capacity values. The sewage sludge biochar was efficient for soil improvement and conditioning, even at low application rate, confirming the results widely found in the literature on the benefits of this material.