Viabilidade do sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária no nordeste brasileiro

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Santos Filho, José Ricardo dos
• Orientador(a): Sousa, Bráulio Maia de Lana
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Zootecnia; Consorciação; Glycine Max; Sorghum bicolor; Urochloa brizantha cv. Paiaguás; Zea mays
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Crop consortium
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/14341

The aim of this study was to evaluate the productive and structural characteristics of corn, sorghum, soy, and Paiaguás grass cultivated in an integrated crop-livestock system (CLI). The experiments was conducted from March 2018 to October 2019. The treatments consisted of a combination of three agricultural crops (corn, sorghum and soybeans) and two cultivation systems (monoculture and integrated), using the Paiaguás grass as forage crop for CLI. The experimental design used was a randomized block, with 4 replications. Agricultural crops were analyzed using the F test, with a 5% probability, using the orthogonal contrast method. The characteristics of the Paiaguás grass were analyzed by the Tukey test, at 5% probability. Plant heights were not influenced by the cultivation system, in both agricultural years. Total biomass production in 2018 showed no differences, except for soybeans with higher yields in integrated cultivation compared to monoculture. In 2019, the totality of the evaluated crops showed higher yields in the integrated system, except for corn. Except for soybeans, higher biomass production of agricultural crops in 2018 and 2019 in the evaluated treatments were recorded in the monoculture system in relation to integrated cultivation. Grain production was higher in monoculture, with the exception of corn and soybean in 2018. The weight of a thousand grains were not influenced by the cultivation system in the two agricultural years. The daily accumulations of biomass in the two years of cultivation were higher in monoculture in comparison to integrated cultivation, except for soybeans. The production of total biomass from the paiaguás grass was the largest in integrated system, with an emphasis on sorghum and corn, which had higher yields in comparison to monoculture. Paiaguás grass integrated with 4 corn showed lower biomass, leaf blade and stalk yields. The percentage of leaf blades was higher in Paiaguás grass integrated in 2018, and in monoculture and integrated with corn and soybeans in 2019. Higher percentages of stalks were recorded in Paiaguás grass in monoculture in 2018 and integrated with sorghum in 2018 and 2019. Generally, higher heights were found in the Paiaguás grass in monoculture and smaller in the integrated with corn. The highest population densities of tiller Paiaguás grass were registered in monoculture and lower in Paiaguás grass integrated with corn and sorghum. The implantation of Paiaguás grass through the crop-livestock integration is applicable, especially in regions with restricted water periods such as the Brazilian Northeast, since there is an improvement in the use of the productive cycle and an increase in biomass in the same period.