Marcadores de micronutrientes e de sobrepeso e associações com patógenos intestinais e diarreia aguda em lactentes

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Botelho, Anne Jardim
• Orientador(a): Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Lactentes; Aspectos nutricionais; Peso ao nascer; Anemia; Micronutrientes; Diarreia em crianças; Infecção em crianças; Neonatologia; Sobrepeso; Diarreia; Enteroinfecções
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Infant; Overweight; Anemia; Micronutrients; Diarrhea; Intestinal infection
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3562

Introduction: In low-income populations, overweight often co-exists with micronutrient deficiencies as a consequence of dietetic inadequacies and intestinal infections. Infancy is a period of increased risk for micronutrient deficiencies due to the higher nutritional demand for the physical growth. In addition, overweight during infancy is an early marker for future obesity. Objective: to investigate micronutrient and overweight markers and the association to intestinal infection and acute diarrhea among low-income infants. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study enrolling healthy infants from Laranjeiras, Sergipe, Brazil. Children underwent anthropometry to obtain anthropometric indexes and blood assays for hemoglobin, ferritin, C-reactive protein, plasma selenium, plasma and erythrocyte zinc and copper concentrations every 6 months of follow up. Stool samples were collected monthly and every acute diarrhea episode to verify the presence of rotavirus, helminths and protozoans. Results: At enrolment the mean age was 6.6 ± 2 months, 2% of children were stunted, 2% wasted, 24% had risk of overweight and 7% were overweight or obese. 68% of children were anemic, 40% had iron deficiency, 57% and 51% had low plasma and erythrocyte zinc, 5% and 82% low plasma and erythrocyte copper, and 91% had low plasma selenium concentrations. The prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency decreased after iron supplementation, although the prevalence of trace element deficiencies remained elevated throughout the follow up. Stable overweight periods and rapid weight gain were predictors of preschool age overweight and adiposity. The number of acute diarrhea episodes was negatively associated to plasma ferritin and zinc concentrations, and the number of any intestinal infection was negatively associated to middle upper arm circumference for age. Conclusion: it was observed a dual nutritional problem in this population, characterized by the higher proportion of overweight related to underweight, and by elevated frequency of anemia and low concentrations of iron, zinc, copper and selenium biomarkers. Intestinal infection was associated to decreased body mass, and acute diarrhea was associated to plasma ferritin and zinc deficiency.