Caracterização e conservação de sementes de mangaba (Hancornia speciosa GOMES)

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Nunes, Valdinete Vieira
• Orientador(a): Silva-Mann, Renata
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade
• Palavras-chave em Português: Mangaba; Sementes; Conservação de sementes; Diversidade biológica; Integridade de RNA; Osmoconservação; Raios-x; Recalcitrância
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: RNA integrity; Osmo-conservation; X-rays; Recalcitrance
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS AGRARIAS
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/11728

The characterization and the conservation of genetic resources are important actions for the Hancornia speciosa Gomes species, which is often referred to as mangabeira. This is especially true when mainly considering the genetic erosion that has reached the species due to anthropical actions. The objective of this study was to examine its morphogenetic diversity. The research was conducted by gathering its seeds that were collected from different processing methods, so as to obtain its seedlings. This resulted in the storage of its seeds, whilst at the same time, aiming at contributing to the conservation of the species. For this purpose, ISSR molecular marker analyzes were used in order to characterize the diversity of the mangabeira‟s population, as well as to associate the fruit‟s biometrics (longitudinal and transverse diameters, pulp mass, seed mass and the number of seeds). In addition, the physical and physiological integrity of the seeds that were obtained from the manual and mechanical processing were evaluated by using water content analyzes, biometrics, the weight of a thousand seeds, X-ray tests, their germination, their first counting, their electrical conductivity, together with the seedling‟s length and the dry mass of the seedlings. For storage, the viability and the vigor of the seeds that were stored in 4 different osmoconditioning solutions (A, B, C and D) were evaluated periodically under controlled conditions, through their germination, their electrical conductivity, their water content, their RNA quality and their integrity. For their genetic diversity, it was observed that 60.44% of the loci obtained were polymorphic, which allowed for the identification of a 55.29% similarity of the matrices. Their level of heterozygosity was 0.40 and their Shannon index was 0.58. High levels of variation were observed for their biometry, their pulp and their seed mass. The seeds that were obtained by manual and mechanical processing did not differ for their water content, their germination, their first counting, or for the length of their seedlings. However, they differed for their electrical conductivity and the dry mass of their seedlings. In the radiographic images, a higher density was observed for the manually depulped seeds. For the stored seeds, there was a positive relationship between the storage period and their electrical conductivity. For the increasing storage periods, the seed‟s viability and vigor decreased, regardless of the solution used. However, the seeds that were stored in solution B maintained their quality and their integrity of the RNA. Through the morphogenetic evaluations, it was concluded that in the analyzed population, there was a potential for the prospect of diversity and for the use of individuals in future selection works. The beneficiation methods did not interfere in the physical and physiological integrity of the seeds. The seeds of H. speciosa Gomes were able to be preserved in osmoconditioning solutions for up to 50 days and solution B was efficient in maintaining their quality and their integrity of the RNA.