Efeito da meditação mindfulness em pacientes com fibromialgia: ensaio clínico randomizado

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Cunha, Eline Silva da
• Orientador(a): Marchioro, Murilo
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fibromialgia; Dor crônica; Meditação; Qualidade de vida; Atenção plena; Fibromyalgia; Meditation
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Mindfulness; Chronic pain; Quality of life
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FISIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/15788

Introduction: Fibromyalgia is a complex multifactorial chronic pain syndrome. In addition to generalized pain, it is commonly associated with a variety of comorbidities and symptoms such as sleep disorders, anxiety, depression, attention and concentration deficit, among other manifestations that affect quality of life. The best therapeutic strategy involves a multidisciplinary approach, using pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Alternative therapies, such as meditation, have been used in the management of pain and other symptoms of fibromyalgia patients, but their studies show divergent results regarding the effects and low methodological quality. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation on pain and other associated symptoms in patients with fibromyalgia. Methods: This is a randomized and controlled clinical trial, in which volunteers with fibromyalgia were randomly allocated into two groups: Mindfulness (8 weeks, a weekly face-to-face group meeting lasting about two hours, audios and guidelines for the practice of meditation at home) and control group (waiting list). The evaluation consisted of exams and questionnaires that measured: Impact of fibromyalgia on patients' lives; tender point count; pain intensity at rest; temporal summation of pain; pain catastrophizing; quality of life; sleep quality; anxiety level; depression level; brainwave pattern and P300 evoked potential. Results: 45 patients were randomized to the study groups, however after dropouts that occurred mostly for personal and health reasons, 12 patients remained in the mindfulness group and 12 in the control group. We verified in the comparison between the groups that the protocol with mindfulness meditation was effective in improving the quality of life (general status) and, in addition, showed lower density of theta waves in all brain quadrants (AD, LA, PD and PE), electrodes frontal (F7, F4, F3 and FZ) and parietal (P3 and P4), suggesting lower electrophysiological activation related to pain (p<0.05). Additionally, we observed some intragroup effects for meditation practitioners, improvement in the impact of the disease, in catastrophic thoughts, in several domains of quality of life, reduction of trait anxiety and symptoms of depression (p<0.05). Conclusion: Patients with fibromyalgia who participated in a training with a mindfulness protocol showed improvement in the general state of quality of life domain, as well as lower density of theta waves on electroencephalogram, suggesting lower electrophysiological activation related to pain.