Atividade antimalárica e inseticida de extratos de Azadirachta indica A. Juss. introduzida no município de Boa Vista, Roraima

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Leandro Oliveira e
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Roraima; Brasil; PRPPG - Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação; PRONAT - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais; UFRR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Inseticida; Farmacologia; Azadirachta indica A. Juss.; Roraima; Insecticide; Pharmacology; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufrr.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/465

Insecticidal and pharmacological properties of plant species are currently exploited because of the need for products for pest control, fighting insect vectors or treatment of human diseases. One of the biotechnologically exploited species, a native to Asia and found in tropical regions, is neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss). Previous work has demonstrated that chemical compounds present in the species can affect the development of other living organisms such as arthropods and protozoa. The insect Aedes aegypti and protozoan Plasmodium falciparum are organisms that cause social problems worldwide, especially in tropical regions. The former is a vector of yellow fever and dengue virus and the latter is responsible for a major disease causing death in humans, malaria. These three diseases represent severe public health problems in tropical countries. These diseases occur in Brazil, and are present in Boa Vista municipality in Roraima State that has favorable soil and climatic characteristics for the development of organisms and plant species, as well as neem that is present in this State. The present study aimed to verify the activity of extracts and fractions of A. indica, introduced in the municipality of Boa Vista against the A. aegypti mosquito and parasite P. falciparum. Preliminary tests show that to establish LC50 against larvae of A. aegypti concentrations should be . 5000 mg/mL in the cups, and the parts of the plant used for extraction, only the extracts from the leaves and EMF EAF showed inhibitory activity development P. falciparum in vitro with 100 and 80.79% inhibition of parasite growth, respectively, at a concentration of 50 mg/mL. These results show that methanol and methanol/water extracts obtained from neem present in Boa Vista municipality exhibit biological activity against the dengue vector and the human malaria parasite P. falciparum in an in vitro assay.