Absorção de nutrientes pelo arroz em resposta ao manejo da água de irrigação

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, Daiana Ribeiro Nunes
• Orientador(a): Scivittaro, Walkyria Bueno
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Pelotas
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia
• Departamento: Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Oryza sativa; Irrigação por inundação; Época de irrigação
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Oryza sativa; Flooding irrigation; Flooding time; Water depth; Nutrition
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/handle/123456789/2457

Currently, the rationalization of the water use by flooded rice is one of the priorities of the rice productive sector. Consequently, some alternative water managements have been proposed aiming to the reduction of water use by rice crop. However, changes in water management can affect nutrient availability for rice. For this reason, a work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effects of the flood timing and the flood depth on nutritional status and nutrient uptake by rice. The work comprised two field experiments which were conducted in a Typic Albaqualf, at the Lowland Experimental Station of the Embrapa Clima Temperado, in Capão do Leão, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during the growing seasons of 2007/08 and 2008/09. In the first experiment, three flood timings (2- to 3-leaf stage, 4- to 5-leaf stage, and 7- to 8-leaf stage or 6- to 7-leaf stage) were tested, and in the second experiment, it was compared the effects of three flood depths (<1cm saturated soil, 5cm, and 10cm). Both experiments were implanted in conventional system, using the cultivar BRS Querência . Rice nutritional status was determinated at the active tillering, panicle differentiation, and anthesis. On the other hand, rice nutrient uptake was determinated at the grain maturation. At the active tillering, leaf N, P, Ca, Mg, S, Mn, and Zn concentrations increased with delaying of flood timing. At the panicle differentiation, rice subjected to early flooding (2- to 3-leaf stage) presented lowest leaf K, Mg, and S concentrations and greatest leaf B concentration. Delay flooding promoted increase in leaf Mg, and Fe concentrations, and reduction in leaf P, B, and Zn concentrations at the anthesis. Flooding delay beyond the 4- to 5-leaf stage decreased N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, and Mn uptake by rice. Flood depth effect on rice nutritional status was minor than the effect of flood timing. The presence of floodwater resulted in higher leaf potassium concentration and lower leaf copper, manganese, and zinc concentrations than in satured soil, at the active tillering. At the panicle differentiation, the maintenance of floodwater provided the highest leaf K concentrations and the lowest leaf Cu, and Mn concentrations. At the anthesis, the leaf K concentration increased with the thickness of the water depth; an opposite effect was determinated for leaf calcium, boron, and manganese concentrations. Changes in the thickness of water depth practically did not influence rice nutrient uptake, following the stability in the production of dry matter. The effects of flooding time on rice nutrition were greater than those of the water depth. Changes in rice 9 nutrition due to alterations on water management do not justify the revision on the indications of fertilization for flooded rice.