Qualidade de sementes e óleos essenciais de erva doce de plantas não atacadas e atacadas pelo pulgão e a influência dos seus óleos essenciais no controle da antracnose em manga ‘palmer’

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Rosana Sousa da
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Química e Bioquímica de Alimentos; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Foeniculum vulgare Mill; Hyadaphis foeniculi (Pass.); Colletotrichum spp.; Mangifera indica; Artocarpus heterophyllus; CIENCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS::TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/8562

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is an importante crop for family farms. Its seed is used in the culinary and has medicinal properties, also produces the essential oil, which has been widely used due to its high antioxidant, antimicrobial, and insecticidal activity. However, fennel plants are susceptible to attack by the aphid Hyadaphis foeniculi (Pass.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), which can decrease seeds quality. The aim of this study was to characterize seed and essential oil of fennel, from plants non-attacked and attacked by aphids, and to assess the potential of each essential oil associated with jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) seed starch coatings as an antifungal agent against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, common desease in postharvest mango (Mangifera indica). The differences between seeds non-attacked and attacked by aphids, it was evaluated the profile of total and free amino acids, total and soluble protein content, activities of peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), inhibitory activity of protease, electrophoretic profile of protein, total extractable polyphenols (TEP), yellow flavonoids and total antioxidant activity (TAA) by free radical capture DPPH• and ABTS•+ radical, profile of phenolic compounds, total lipids and fatty acid profile. The essential oils from two seeds were differentiated by the volatile compounds profile. The potential of essential oils as antifungal agents was verified in vitro tests at six concentrations (0.0; 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.5% v/v) for inhibition of C. gloeosporioides in order to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the use of the MIC of each essential oil associated with jackfruit seed starch coating applied on mango to evaluate its ability to protect against this fungus and the quality through the parameters: firmness, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), SS/TA and pH. Non-attacked fennel seeds by aphid showed higher contents of free amino acids, soluble protein, activities of POD and PPO, TEP, yellow flavonoids and TAA, while the activity of PAL and inhibition of protease were higher in attacked seed. Significant differences were observed in the amino acid profile, electrophoretic profile of proteins and in the profile of phenolic compounds from these seeds, however the fatty acid profile was not affected. There was a significant difference to the profile of volatile compounds, with the highest amount of phenylpropanoids in attacked seeds by aphids. The MIC for two types of essential oils was at 0.5%. The combination of coatings with essential oils showed similar behavior to the quality in „Palmer‟ mangoes and the anthracnose prevention, coatings with essential oil from attacked seed by the aphids was more effective reducing the injury. The attack of aphid on fennel seeds compromises the nutritional quality for food use, however, the essential oil from this from seed can be used to inhibit the incidence and severity of anthracnose on the mango, providing an alternative use of attacked seeds that has low commercial value.