Cadeia granular quase unidimensional como dispositivo para absorção de impactos

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Machado, Luis Paulo Silveira
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba; BR; Física; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cadeia granular; Propagação do momento linear; Propagação da energia; Granular chain; Momentum propagation; Energy propagation; CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5764

Granular chains are one dimensional systems where elastic grains placed along a line are in contact and interact with neighbors. These systems are excellent nonlinear waveguides allowing the control of some properties of the wave through different disposition of the grains. Among the applications of practical interest, the impact absorption draws attention. In this thesis, we propose to study a tapered granular chain, very short and decorated with grains appropriately positioned to maximize shock absorption. We call this system quasi-one-dimensional chain, because it is a three-dimensional distribution of grains whose dynamic of interest take place along a fixed direction. To study the dynamics of this system, we integrated numerically the equations of motion. Perturbations caused by collision with the grains at the edge of the chain spread quickly throughout the system and do not propagate as solitary waves. Results shows that impact pulses are attenuated almost completely and combinations of materials are important. Futhermore, dissipation, gravity and impact velocities almost do not influence the dynamics of the system. The decorating grains act as an auxiliary chain which traps part of the energy and linear momentum, preventing the formation of pulses and playing a central role in impact mitigation. Therefore, we present a new granular chain where we increase the number of grains per units length and maximize the dispersion of the momentum.