Avaliação pré-clínica do efeito do citrato de sildenafil sobre o controle central da pressão arterial na hipertensão

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Cavalcanti, Clenia de Oliveira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Ciências Fisiológicas; Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Hipertensão resistente; Sildenafil; Barorreflexo; Óxido nítrico; Angiotensina II; Resistant hypertension; Baroreflex; Angiotensin II; Nitric oxide; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FISIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/8909

Systemic hypertension (SH) is related to various cardiovascular events and emerged as a leading cause of death today. In the pathophysiology of hypertension occurring disorders in the autonomic nervous system that result in damage to neural mechanisms of central control of pressure, especially the baroreflex. Some of this damage is mediated by increased oxidative stress. Therapeutic approaches that reduce oxidative stress may prove effective in combating this disease. Sildenafil is a drug that acts by inhibiting the action of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and has been observed that this promotes a decrease in oxidative stress. The inhibition of PDE5 was efficient in improving vascular function and reduce blood pressure in experimental models. However, its effects on baroreflex control of blood pressure in the presence of renovascular hypertension have not yet been studied. The current study aimed to evaluate whether treatment with sildenafil is able to influence the baroreflex control of blood pressure. Wistar rats were subjected to sham surgery or inducer of renovascular hypertension (2K1C). After 5 weeks, the animals received vehicle (distilled water) or sildenafil citrate (45 mg / kg / day) for 7 days, totaling 4 groups: sham + vehicle, sham + sildenafil 2K1C + vehicle + 2K1C sildenafil. At the end of the treatment the animals were cannulated for hemodynamic measurements. They were evaluated: mean blood pressure, heart rate, spontaneous and induced baroreflex, cardiac autonomic tone and systemic oxidative stress. (CEUA-UFPB protocol no. 042/2015). Treatment with sildenafil had no significant effect in normotensive animals (121 ± 7 vs.118 ± 3 mmHg), but was effective in reducing blood pressure in 2K1C animals (139 ± 5 vs.175 ± 6 mmHg, p <0.01 ) the 2K1C animals showed reduced gain induced baroreflex (-1.93 ± 0.12) and spontaneous (-1.90 ± 0.22) compared to the sham group (-3.63 ± 0.31; - 3.95 ± 0.46). These parameters were normalized in hypertensive rats by treatment with sildenafil (-3.18 ± 0.23 -3.51 ± 0.29). Locks with atropine and propranolol showed alterations in the cardiac autonomic balance in the presence of hypertension, standardized, treatment, sympathetic tone (-24.5 ± 3 bpm, p <0.01) and vagal tone (110 ± 9 bpm, p <0.01). Sildenafil was also able to reduce systemic oxidative stress in 2K1C rats when compared to vehicle + 2K1C animals (1.04 ± 0.07 vs. 1.67 ± 0.08 nmol / ml). Treatment with sildenafil improved baroreflex control of blood pressure through the correction of the autonomic imbalance and reduction of oxidative stress.