"A emancipação da medicina paraibana" : tessituras constitutivas da Faculdade de Medicina da Paraíba (1950-1974)

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Neves, Vanusa Nascimento Sabino
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Educação; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: História da Educação; Instituições educativas - História; Ensino superior; Educação médica; History of Education; History of educational institutions; Higher education; Medical education; Historia de la Educación; Historia de las instituciones educativas; Educación superior; Educación médica; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/32585

The determinations that foster investigative curiosity are related to the possibility for the historiography of educational institutions to transcend institutional parameters and shed light on different dimensions of educational phenomena. The study aimed to understand the configurations that shaped the Faculty of Medicine of Paraíba by reconstructing its historical trajectory from 1950 to 1974. It is an educational historical research confined to the field of educational institutions. Supported by the new cultural history (Burke, 1992, 2005; Certeau, 1982; Chartier, 2002) and according to the notion of the document as a monument (Le Goff, 1990), eloquent sources, mainly laws, minutes, reports, institutional records, student records, journalistic statements, audiovisual archives, and memoirs (Espínola, 1980; Nóbrega, 1980a, 1980b, 1981, 1983), were accessed and triangulated (Triviñs, 1987). The theoretical-conceptual foundation engaged with concepts of social configuration (Elias, 1980, 1994), field (Bourdieu, 1983, 1989, 1996), and school culture (Julia, 2001). Historians of education (Sanfelice, 2006, 2008, 2012; Saviani, 2004, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2017), philosophers (Chauí, 2003), sociologists (Fernandes, 1975, 1986), and other scholars (Cunha, 2002, 2003, 2017; Nóvoa, 2019, 2009) also informed the study's conceptions. Advertising discourses were interpreted with support from Bakhtin (1997, 2006), and speeches at the inauguration of the Faculty of Medicine of Paraíba were analyzed using content analysis (Bardin, 2016). The thesis was defended that the Faculty of Medicine of Paraíba was created to serve the interests of the Paraíba elites, expand medical education, and fill gaps in healthcare for the precarious Paraíba population. In its social configuration, this institution was crossed by a web of disputes and achievements among the elites, under the watchful eye of the newspapers of that time. The historiographical operation started from the national context and focused on Paraíba, taking into account the interconnections with the normative and administrative frameworks that influenced the formation entrusted to the Faculty of Medicine of Paraíba. Among the results, it was evident that the implementation of higher education in Paraíba, in terms of direction towards the elites, corresponded to the national pattern. The Faculty of Medicine of Paraíba resulted from the efforts of a medical congregation, with support from the government and other intellectuals involved in other fields of higher education in the state, such as Engineering. Of private legal nature, it was generally inaccessible to young people of low social standing. Even its aggregation to the University of Paraíba in 1955 did not make this education public. Federalization in 1960 was the great divider because it enabled professional teaching at the higher level, expanded student access, and relieved them of student expenses, but university education still remained largely inaccessible to less privileged social classes, as admission exam approval required a prior foundation which young people from vulnerable classes did not possess. In a gradual process of emancipation, the configurations of the Faculty of Medicine of Paraíba were closely monitored by the periodic press, providing representations that certified institutional didactic capacity and increased the symbolic capital of the agents linked to such institution. Hundreds of doctors graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Paraíba innovated in medical-sanitary care. However, female participation was minimal, reproducing the historical system of privileges and/or inferiorities.