Estudo Comparativo da Atividade Espasmolítica de Óleos Essenciais de Espécies de Annonaceae: Rollinia leptopetala R. E. Fries, Xylopia langsdorfiana A. St.-Hil. & Tul. e Xylopia frutescens Aubl.

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Correia, Ana Carolina de Carvalho
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba; BR; Farmacologia; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Rollinia leptopetala; Xylopia; Produtos naturais; Músculo liso; Cálcio; Natural products; Smooth muscle; Calcium; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6787

Many Annonaceae species are odoriferous due to the presence of essential oils and these have attracted great pharmacological interest because they have action on smooth muscle. Thus, we aimed to investigate a possible spasmolytic activity of essential oils of leaves from Xylopia langsdorfiana A. St.-Hil. & Tul. (XL-OE), Xylopia frutescens Aubl. (XF-OE) e Rollinia leptopetala R. E. Fries (RL-OE) species on rat aorta, rat uterus and guinea pig trachea and ileum, and so elucidate the action mechanism of the essential oil that to present the better spasmolytic effect in one of the tested organs. Isometric and isotonic contractions and cytosolic Ca2+ were measured. In preliminary pharmacological screening all essential oils presented a higher spasmolytic potency and efficacy on guinea pig ileum, when compared with the other organs, being RL-OE the most promising natural product. So we decided to characterize the action mechanism of RL-OE on this organ. RL-OE inhibited cumulative concentration-response curves to histamine, and these were shifted to the right, in a non-parallel manner, with Emax reduction, discarding thus a competitive type antagonism and relaxed the guinea pig ileum contracted by KCl (40 mM), CCh (10-6 M) or histamine (10-6 M). How the common pathway of signaling of these contractile agents are the voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (CaV), we hypothesized that RL-OE would be preventing the Ca2+ influx through CaV. it was observed that RL-OE antagonized the CaCl2- induced contractions in a depolarizing medium namely without Ca2+, in addition to relax guinea pig ileum pre-contracted by S-(-)-Bay K 8644, a CaV-L selective agonist, demonstrating that the CaV subtype involved is CaV-L. How the relaxant potency of RL-OE was higher when the organ was pre-contracted by KCl this is suggestive that other mechanism would be involved on RL-OE spasmolytic effect. Since the CaV can be modulated by K+ channels, we decided to investigate these channels. The RL-OE spasmolytic action seems to involve the positive activation/modulation of valtege-gated (KV) and large conductance calcium-activated (BKCa) K+ channels, since there was a right-shift of RL-OE relaxation curve in the presence of the following blockers: 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), selective to KV; tetraethylammonium (TEA+) 1 mM and IbTX, selectives to BKCa. The confirmation of KV and BKCa participation was carried out by a simultaneous blockade (TEA+ and 4-AP) and verified since the relaxant potency was similar when in the presence of non-selective blocker (CsCl). In cellular experiments, the viability of longitudinal layer myocytes from guinea pig ileum was not altered in RL-OE (81 μg/mL) presence and the fluorescence intensity in these intestinal myocytes stimulated by histamine was reduced due to cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c). Thus the mechanism of action spasmolytic of RL-OE on guinea pig ileum involves blocking the Ca2+ influx, by CaV, in addition to positive activation/modulation of KV and BKCa, that would lead to reduced of [Ca2+]c and consequent relaxation of this organ.