Ubuntu: ancestralidade e espiritualidade na perspectiva de uma filosofia africana

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Negreiros, Regina Coeli Araújo Trindade
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Ciência das Religiões; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências das Religiões; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Filosofia africana; Coletividade; Ukama; Matriarcado; Afrocentrismo; African philosophy; Collectivity; Matriarchy; Afrocentrism; Colectividad; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::TEOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29910

As Ubuntu is an ancient philosophy that brings a new possible paradigm to the contemporary world, it is constituted as a pedagogy of ancestry that can teach the world to live its plurality collectively in an empathetic, supportive, fraternal, and welcoming way. Therefore, this paper, the first developed in the area of Science of Religion and Theology to address ancestry and spirituality in African philosophy, aims to demonstrate that Ubuntu is fundamental for the construction of a new subjectivity that connects everything that exists and that, despite attempts at erasures arising from colonialism, resisted and establishes itself as something fundamental for the transformation and construction of a plural society that fosters a culture of peace. Through a qualitative approach and from an exploratory research with philosophical and historical bibliographic support, the text establishes an interdisciplinary dialogue between the Science of Religion and Philosophy, particularly with the Philosophy of Religion, placing itself within the Empirical Sciences of Religion, it is based on an Afro-centered methodological orientation that goes through the understanding of matriarchy, ancestry, spirituality and biocentrism, elements present in the Afro-diasporic culture and religions that constitute Ubuntu, one of the main concepts of African philosophy. The readings pointed to structuring and structural issues from a social, political, economic, and religious point of view, which deny possibilities and hide paths for the construction of subjectivities and connections that allow the necessary socio-cultural transformations for a plural and collective world. Among these issues, the main ones are racism, subalternization, and epistemological erasures, borders constituted by Eurocentrism to legitimize only the epistemologies produced on the European continent. Despite these facts, it was possible to understand that African Philosophy based on Ubuntu relates to plurality, connecting the immanent and the transcendent, weaving a complex universe that is not supported by the dichotomous epistemological status of Western philosophy, but that fits, as an object of study, within the epistemological status of the Science of Religion. From this understanding, it is possible to affirm that there is an ancestry that connects all living beings, the dead, the unborn, the humans and the non-humans, generating an interdependence in everything that exists and that relates to the past, present, and future in a great network of sharing and belonging that humanizes us in a collective praxis called Ubuntu.