Maturação de frutos e salinidade na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de mandacaru (Cereus jamacaru P. DC.)

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Barbosa Neto, Miguel Avelino
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cactaceae; Salinidade; Semiárido; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/14370

The consumption of mandacaru fruits (Cereus jamacaru) in natura is almost non-existent, even the fruit having benefits for human health and nutrition, serving mostly for animal feed in times of prolonged drought; works that configure the ideal stages of harvesting these fruits can serve as subsidies to be used in cooking in the future. In addition, the occurrence of this species is diffuse, from the coast to the zones of forest of Caatinga, located in the high Sertão, being born in the field without any cultural treatment, supporting xeric environments, with high temperatures, shallow soil, humidity and salinity. Therefore, this work was divided into two chapters: i) the first one had the objective to study the physical and physiological quality of the seeds of Cereus jamacaru in the different staging stages; end ii) in the second chapter the objective was to evaluate the effect of salinity on the physiological quality of mandacaru seeds from three areas of the Agreste region of Paraiba. In the first chapter were selected two areas (Tacima, PB and Bananeiras, PB) of Caatinga; the individuals were randomly collected in 5 staining stages (1. Green 2. Green with purple 3. Yellow with purple 4. Red with purple 5. Predominant purple); In the biometric data the weight (g), length (cm), diameter (cm), pulp mass (g), seed mass (g) and fruit dry mass (g) were evaluated; (g), germination (g%), seedling length (cm), fresh seedling mass (g), dry mass (g) and seed moisture content (%). According to the results it is verified that the seeds coming from Bananeiras, PB show to be more vigorous (first germination count) in all stages of maturation; the maturation stage 5, with the predominance of purple fruits, is indicated for harvesting in both areas, as the seeds present higher physiological quality. In the second chapter, the evaluated variables were: Germination, First germination count, Germination speed index, Average germination time, Seedling length, Fresh seedling mass, Seedling dry matter and Relative water content. In the areas of Tacima, Bananeiras and Remígio, state of Paraíba, fruits were harvested at maturation stage 5 (predominant purple) and submitted to 8 levels of saline concentration in NaCl+ (0,01; 0,5; 1,5; 2; 2,5; 3; 4 e 5 CE dS m-1). Based on the results, the salinity does not negatively affect the physiological quality of the seeds in the respective salt concentrations obtaining in all areas, germination above 70%, this persistence in saline environments denotes a halotolerance of C. jamacaru species.