Detalhes bibliográficos
| Ano de defesa: |
2017 |
| Autor(a) principal: |
Berlato, Luciane Pereira |
| Orientador(a): |
Benedetti, Franceliane Jobim |
| Banca de defesa: |
Kirsten, Vanessa Ramos,
Fillippin, Nadiesca Taisa,
Santos, Bianca Zimmermann dos |
| Tipo de documento: |
Dissertação
|
| Tipo de acesso: |
Acesso aberto |
| Idioma: |
por |
| Instituição de defesa: |
Centro Universitário Franciscano
|
| Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Mestrado Profissional em Saúde Materno Infantil
|
| Departamento: |
Saúde Materno Infantil
|
| País: |
Brasil
|
| Palavras-chave em Português: |
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| Palavras-chave em Inglês: |
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| Área do conhecimento CNPq: |
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| Link de acesso: |
http://www.tede.universidadefranciscana.edu.br:8080/handle/UFN-BDTD/629
|
Resumo: |
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is defined as the slow, progressive and irreversible loss of renal function. Women with CKD in dialysis rarely become pregnant, and assistance to them is critical to the prevention of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. These patients present reduced body and protein reserves, due to metabolic changes originated in the disease and dialysis. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of pregnant women on hemodialysis and to propose nutritional care strategies by means of a protocol. The project was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee under the number 1,698,420. It was necessary to present the methodology in two components in order to reach the research objective: (1) This is a longitudinal retrospective study, carried out in the hemodialysis centers of Rio Grande do Sul. Pre-gestational data were collected and from each quarter of the pregnancy with a form containing gestational age, age at the beginning of the pregnancy, biochemical values, clinical behaviors, weight and height. Statistical analyzes were performed in the software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 18.0., considering the level of significance of 5% (p <0.05). (2) A descriptive study, with a quantitative methodological validation approach. The validation consisted of two steps: elaboration of the protocol with an integrative revision of the literature and validation of the content by judges/experts following the Delphi method. The protocol was elaborated in blocks, with anthropometric evaluation, biochemistry, food consumption, nutritional recommendations and supplementation. The percentage of concordance between the judges and the content validity index (CVI) was evaluated by each pair of judges. The results follow the components of the methodology: (1) In the retrospective longitudinal study, 15 medical records of pregnant women undergoing hemodialysis, with a mean age of 29.86 ± 6.87, were analyzed. Most Hemodialysis Centers reused the dialysis filters, and 93% of the women used erythropoietin. Systolic blood pressure had higher mean values in the third trimester. The first and second quarters were the periods in which there were higher percentages of pregnant women with low weight (40%). In the biochemical values, there was a statistically significant difference for the phosphorus and potassium values, which presented lower mean values in the second trimester. (2) In the instrument validation study, 29 professionals were invited, 13 accepted to participate in the study, among them 50% nutritionists, 66.6% nurses and 16% doctors. The first version of the instrument presented 55 items divided into blocks of evaluations and recommendations. In the second round, the instrument was reformulated to 38 items, 20 in the evaluation block, 14 in the recommendation block and four items related to nutritional supplementation. The adequacy percentage was 81.77% and 96.20%, and the CVI was 0.90 and 0.98 in the first and second round, respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the clinical evolution of pregnant women was similar to that suggested by the literature, with the exception of the daily exchange of dialysis filters. The high percentage of low weight in the first and second gestational trimesters is highlighted, although there is no statistically significant difference. In the course of gestation, serum phosphorus and potassium levels decreased. As noted, the Centers do not use standard protocols for both evaluation and nutritional behaviors, so the protocol developed and validated for this study will serve to guide professionals in their behaviors. Although there is no statistically significant difference for other variables, the high percentage of low weight in the first and second gestational trimesters is highlighted. As observed, the centers do not use standard protocols for both assessment and nutritional behaviors, so the nutritional care protocol developed and validated in this study will serve to guide professionals in their behaviors. |
