Índices de vegetação como critério de seleção indireta de populações de soja para caracteres agronômicos

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: jhenyfer ferreira de oliveira
• Orientador(a): Paulo Eduardo Teodoro
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Fundação Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Índices de vegetação, Seleção indireta, Soja, Caracteres agronômicos.
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/5561

Soybean genetic breeding is a continuous process of developing new cultivars. The focus of genetic improvement is to solve problems that limit productivity, which may be resistance to diseases, morphological and physiological traits. With the growing demand for the grain that has great economic importance for the country, studies with emphasis on plant genetic improvement are necessary. The use of remote sensing in environmental monitoring has recently become a tool in the study of plant breeding. The hypothesis of this research is that vegetation indices can be used as indirect selection criteria in soybean genetic improvement programs. The objectives were: to identify the best phenological stage for acquiring vegetation indices for indirect selection of agronomic characters and to identify the most promising segregating populations based on vegetation indices and agronomic characters. The design was randomized blocks with four replications, 28 with soybean F3 capacity and four control treatments (commercial cultivars).The agronomic traits evaluated were: days to maturation (DM), first pod insertion height (AIV), plant height (AP), diameter of the main stem (DHP) number of branches (NR) and grain yield (PROD kg ha-1) and the evaluated vegetation indices were: NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), NDRE (Normalized Difference Red Edge Index), EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index) and SAVI (Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index) were obtained in three phenological stages of soybean genotypes: V8 (at 45 days after emergence - DAE), R1 (60 DAE) and R5 (80 DAE). Regarding the evaluated vegetation indices, SAVI and EVI presented higher averages for the selection of populations, considering the best phenological stage V8 (at 45 days after emergence). Regarding the DM and PROD agronomic variables, the SAVI and EVI vegetation indices showed higher averages in these indices for the genetic correlation with DM values of 0.71 and PROD 0.90. However, the highest result stands out for the genetic correlation of the EVI vegetation index with values for DM 0.83 and PROD 0.96 to conduct the indirect selection of the most promising populations. Keywords: Remote sensing. Glycine max. Genetic improvement of soybean.