Efeito da temperatura no processo anammox aplicado ao pós-tratamento de efluente de reator anaeróbio tratando esgoto doméstico

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Luyara de Almeida Fernandes
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Saneamento meio ambiente e recursos hídricos; Biorreatores; Temperatura; Esgotos; Engenharia sanitária; Saneamento
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUBD-AX9PC9

The anaerobic oxidation of ammonium (anammox) is a biological pathway of ammonium removal mediated by autotrophic bacteria capable of converting ammonium directly to gaseous nitrogen, using nitrite as the final electron acceptor. This process has shown to be an excellent alternative to the conventional nitrification/denitrification process due to its attractive in terms of economy and sustainability. The anammox process has been successfully applied in the treatment of effluents with high ammonium concentration and low COD/N ratio, which contrasts the characteristics of domestic effluents treated by the anaerobic route, which present low nitrogen concentration and have remaining COD. The temperature has been considered a key factor in the good performance of these reactors, and the work has indicated the optimum temperature of their operation around 30 ºC, which is higher than the typical temperature of domestic effluents from tropical regions. This study evaluated the feasibility of applying the anammox process to post-treat UASB domestic effluent using a RBS with addition of nitrite, previously enriched and subjected to temperatures of 35 ºC (phase 1), 25 ºC (phase 2 ) And 20 ° C (phase 3). Phase 1 marked the transition between the application of the mineral and autotrophic medium used in the enrichment stage, for the domestic effluent, without acclimation stage and without inhibition. Phase 2 was not influenced by the 10 °C reduction in the operating temperature, since no previous acclimation step was performed. The same occurred for the beginning of phase 3. In general, considering the efficiency of removal of total nitrogen (nitrite + ammonium) and COD, phase 2 at 25 ºC presented the best results, and phases 1 and 3 also showed satisfactory removal efficiency, and it was not possible to verify inhibitory effects. The anammox sequences detected in the present work were related to Ca. Brocadia caroliniensis and Ca. Brocadia sp. The operational conditions tested showed that the bacteria with anammox activity proved to be resistant to the rapid change of temperature, maintaining its metabolism without damages to the efficiency of the process. The results indicated that anammox process can be applied with stability to the post-treatment of UASB reactors treating domestic effluents with COD remaining at around 100 mg.L-1 without inhibition effects in regions where the effluent to be treated shows average temperature of 25 °C