Análise da estrutura das unidades básicas de saúde do Brasil para a realização de ações do telessaúde

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Denise Oliveira Franco
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; FAO - DEPARTAMENTO DE ODONTOLOGIA SOCIAL E PREVENTIVA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia em Saúde Pública; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Telemedicina; Atenção primária à saúde; Avaliação em saúde; Teleodontologia; Equipamentos e provisões
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/60459

Telehealth is the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in health related activities carried out remotely among professionals and patients. For telehealth actions to provide resolutive health services, it is essential that work environments have ICT infrastructure available. The main objective was to compare the ICT infrastructure that favors the development of telehealth actions in the Basic Health Units (BHU) participating in the National Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) in Brazil and Brazilian regions; in addition to organizing a professional training course for oral health professionals in Ouro Branco, Minas Gerais (MG). This longitudinal study used secondary data from the second and third cycles of PMAQ-AB, carried out in 2013/2014 and 2017/2018 respectively. Only BHU that participated in both cycles were included and matched by the National Register of Health Establishments. The final sample consisted of 22,021 BHU. The variables selected for the study were obtained from module I - Observation in Basic Health Units in the subdimension - Information technology and telehealth equipment. Only the variables common to both cycles, represented by computer, camera, speaker, microphone, printer, television and sufficient internet, took part. The presence of each piece of ICT equipment gave each BHU a score, with the final score being the sum of the number of pieces of equipment identified in the health service (from 0 to 7 points). The data was analyzed descriptively and using the Wilcoxon test (p≤0.05) to compare the scores of the BHUs in Brazil and in the Brazilian regions, using the SPSS program, v. 25.0. There was an increase in the number of BHU for all the ICT equipment analyzed and a significant increase in the median number of ICT equipment from the second to the third cycle in Brazil (3;4) and in the Brazilian regions (p<0.001): South (4.5;5), Midwest(3.5;4), North (2;3) and Northeast (1;3). Only the Southeast maintained the median value of equipment (4) in both cycles. The South, Southeast and Central West regions had the highest median scores in both cycles, showing better ICT structures. The availability of ICT equipment for telehealth actions in the UBS increased over the PMAQ-AB cycles, with differences between the Brazilian regions. With regard to the technical product, a Professional Training Course was held for the oral health teams of the Primary Health Care, the Dental Specialties Center and the oral health coordination of the Ouro Branco/MG city hall. The course was given over two days, with a workload of 3 hours/day. The theoretical content covered standards, advantages and types of telehealth actions, as well as a practical moment for participants to carry out a simulation of telemonitoring. During the course of this product, 5 telemonitoring scripts were created, which together can contribute to improving the quality of care in the provision of telehealth services to the municipality's population.