Estado nutricional e adequação da ingestão alimentar em pacientes submetidos a laparotomia

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Patricia Costa Fonseca
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Avaliação nutricional; Laparotomia; Necessidades nutricionais; Ingestão alimentar; Desnutrição; Serviço hospitar de nutrição; Cirurgia
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/MBSA-6ZAJ2S

The aim of this study was to investigate the period and the causes of inadequate oral feeding after surgical trauma. Ninety eight patients who had undergone gastrointestinal and gynecological laparotomy entered this study. The technique of subjective global assessment was used to evaluate the nutritional status of the patients. Oral intake was quantified in the postoperative period, throughout the hospital stay. According to the nutritional requirements the percentage of energy and protein intake was calculated. The causes of insufficient food intake were investigated. These analysis were performed using the Diet Pro® software. Statistics analyses were performed with the aid of the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 10.0, using the tests of Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis. Statistical significance is reported for p ? 0.05. The average age was 46.6 + 13.1 years old. The general prevalence of malnutrition was 20.4% and 6.1% of the patients were severe malnutrition. The average length of hospital stay was of 5.3 days. The median deficit of energy was of 525 kcal, and the median deficit of protein was 46g throughout the first seven days of hospital stay. Oral intake of nutrients was slowly allowed in gastrointestinal surgical patients, taking several days to reach at will diet although recent studies have shown this should not be the routine. Patients undergoing major surgery and with malnutrition, age above 60 years old, diagnosis of cancer and prolonged length of hospital presented with both caloric and protein increased deficits. The hospital diet was positively evaluated, and 65.9% had excellent quality. Amongst the causes of incomplete food intake, 85.3% were related to the treatment or disease and 14.7% to the quality of the hospital diet or alimentary preferences. Its believed that the lack of adequate individual dietoterapic therapy and the undervalue of nutritional status and hospital food can contribute to inadequate food intake.