Qual é o valor financeiro das transferências em Educação Pública e Previdência Social no Brasil? Uma análise para as coortes nascidas entre 1923 e 2000

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Tatiana Araujo Pereira
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Coorte; Educação; Previdência; Transferências; Educação Financiamento Brasil; Previdência social Financiamento Brasil; Políticas públicas Brasil; Brasil População
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/AMSA-88GNR6

The human life circle may be divided in three phases: two phases of economical dependence (at extremely early and extremely ancient ages), which are interposed by a productive one, in which the individual production is bigger than its consumption. Among the different manners of resources allocation for the dependent age groups, it is worthy to highlight the intergeneration transfers of the resources. Such transfers can be whether public or private. They are one sort of social contract in which the benefits are paid to one generation and maintained through the contribution of the future and past generations.The debate regarding these transfers is tremendously important. From the economical standpoint, they are fundamental since a great share of the family income is destined to the children and elders. Within the public approach, in the modern societies, the amount of transfers destined to the elders is major. Once the age structure is becoming older, the countries might face fiscal deficits in the future in case this model prevails. Besides, the Estate destinies a part of the collected contributions to invest in both education and social security. Therefore, children and elders compete for these resources. There is also an implicit intergenerational pact, since one generation claims for the benefits against the next generation.The main goal of this study is to look into the placement of the public resources among the generations, but particularly how were the educational and social security systems introduced and universalized in Brazil in what concerns the financial results obtained by different cohorts. The path of Brazilian public education and social security systems were rescued in this study. The systems were historically contextualized and the public transfers of the resources were observed through both period and cohort, for the cohorts born between 1923 and 2000.The results reveal that the transfer system treats the cohorts dissimilarly, which results in different receipts for each cohort. In the educational system, the first generation that paid for the educational benefits had a loss, once it had no benefit from the system. The generations born after 1969 and before 1989 were the only ones that had gains. In the social security system, on the other hand, there were gains for the first participants of the system. For the cohorts born after 1974, however, there are losses with the social security.The results of each cohort depend on how significant is a cohort in the age structure and how the system was historically established. In the case of Brazil, social security was consolidated before any significant investments were done to the educational system what might explain the poverty intensity and the inequality amongst the young.