Comparação de vida útil entre bancos de baterias de íon-lítio e chumbo-ácido no contexto da compensação de energia com geração distribuída fotovoltaica e tarifa branca

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Bárbara Aparecida Lemes Paixão
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; ENG - DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA ELÉTRICA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Baterias; Íon-lítio; Chumbo-ácido; Vida útil; Geração distribuída fotovoltaica; Tarifa branca; Engenharia elétrica; Energia - Armazenamento; Geração de energia fotovoltaica; Serviços de eletricidade - Tarifas
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/37554

The renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, can have their generation potential maximized when electrical energy storage systems are used together. This association allows mitigating electricity quality problems caused by intermittency and unpredictability of renewables. Among the technologies of electric energy storage, batteries are one of the most technically attractive forms, due to their ease of dimensioning, installation, modularity, and reliability, due to their application, already popular, in other sectors, such as automotive sector. The use of batteries in renewable energy generation systems adds more benefits if their dispatch is coordinated to reduce the cost of the electric bill when considered an hourly rate environment. However, because they have high prices, electrochemical energy accumulators burden the distributed generation project with renewable sources. Therefore, one way to get around this problem is to opt for electric energy storage technology in which the price life versus commitment is extended. Thus, in this dissertation, battery banks were considered for joint application with a distributed photovoltaic generation, in an hourly tariff scenario in the context of electricity compensation in force in Brazil, with the main objective of estimating the useful life of lead-acid carbon and lithium-ion iron phosphate battery technologies. Thus, through simulations through software System Advisor Model, it was evaluated which electric energy storage technology has the best performance in terms of useful life and savings in the energy bill in the face of variations in state of charge and temperature. In general, it was found that state of charge does not have much influence on the lifetime of lead-acid carbon batteries. However, the high state of charge value represents a major factor in reducing the lifetime of lithium-ion batteries. It should also be noted that, for the same depth of discharge, if the lithium-ion iron phosphate battery bank is operated with different state of charge value ranges, the range with the highest state of charge values will manifest the shortest useful life. However, this feature is not true for carbon lead-acid batteries. For both batteries, by increasing the depth of discharge value and the operating temperature, the useful life is reduced considerably. It was also found that, for customers of the white tariff, with a distributed photovoltaic generation and dispatched energy storage, who wish to enjoy the benefits of arbitration, lithium-ion iron phosphate batteries are more advantageous than lead-acid carbon batteries due to longer lifetime.