Efetividade da acupuntura para dor, função mandibular e qualidade de vida em pacientes com dor miofascial mastigatória

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Franklin Teixeira de Salles Neto
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; MED - DEPARTAMENTO DE PEDIATRIA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Acupuntura; DTM; dor miofascial mastigatória; dor crônica; aspectos psicossociais; Síndrome da disfunção da articulação temporomandibular; Síndrome da disfunção da articulação temporomandibular/psicologia; Dor crônica; Terapia por acupuntura; Manejo da dor; Qualidade de vida; Método duplo-cego
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/42585

Myofascial masticatory pain is a temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) that affects the chewing muscles and its pathophysiology involves several biological and psychosocial factors. It is characterized by diffuse and spontaneous muscle pain mainly in the masseter and temporal muscles with the presence of trigger points in muscle, tendons or fascias. The evaluation and treatment of individuals with chronic pain, such as myofascial pain, should address, in addition to biological diagnosis, psychological and social factors. Acupuncture is a technique of Traditional Chinese Medicine recommended for the treatment of musculoskeletal painful disorders. Systematic reviews that evaluated acupuncture and TMD highlight gaps in the quality of evidence and do not present conclusive results. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture in improving painful symptomatology, mandibular function and quality of life in patients with masticatory myofascial pain. Through a double blind randomized clinical trial controlled by placebo, 32 women with average age of 37,5 years, were evaluated by instruments validated in the literature. Pain, mandibular function, quality of life, anxiety, depression, stress, sleep quality and central sensitization were evaluated before, 1 week and 1 month after 5 consecutive weekly acupuncture or simulated acupuncture sessions. Acupuncture was effective in improving painful symptomatology, with a reduction of more than 50% in pain intensity in the treated group, demonstrating therapeutic success for this outcome. Both groups had improved mandibular function outcomes, quality of life, depression and central sensitization, evidencing a non-specific effect of the technique for these parameters. In the variables pain and vitality of the outcome quality of life, unlike the acupuncture group, the control group had an improvement, as well as in stress and central sensitization. The results of this study allow the inference that acupuncture was effective in relieving pain in the treatment of chewing myofascial pain, but was not able to improve function, quality of life or psychosocial aspects evaluated. Understanding the influence of non-specific treatment effects needs to be better evaluated and the management of masticatory myofascial pain patient demand a more comprehensive approach, not excluding, however, the use of acupuncture as part of the therapeutic arsenal.