Simulação da expansão da rede viária vicinal no leste do Pará

• Ano de defesa: 2006
• Autor(a) principal: Leonardo Corradi Coelho
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Estradas não oficiais; Simulação de abertura de estradas; Amazônia; Desmatamento; Acessibilidade; Caminhos de menor custo; Estradas vicinais; Transportes Amazônia; Desmatamento Amazônia
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUBD-A2UG4L

The causality relationships among amazon deforestation and roads construction are one of the international scientific society's concerns. Recently the roads construction rates have risen and the scientific society focus was extended not only to the deforestation processes and its causes, but to the unofficial road network expansion as well. This way, the road network expansion had become a new study subject by itself. Trying to add new proposals and to contribute to the knowledge about the roads expansion process in the Amazon frontier, this study compared a set of simulated road networks against the correspondent empirical data collected from three time periods in recent past. The study was conducted using sampled data from a region in the east portion of Pará, an Amazon Brazilian province. In order to conduct the study, it was necessary to measure the degree of relationship between some aspects of the landscape and environmental canvas to the network construction process. What aspects can drive the deforestation agents on their decisions on where and when to open new roads? It was trough a stochastic approach based on the weights of evidence method that the main drivers of unofficial road construction were investigated. But not only causes, time and location of the road construction were addressed. A friction model was implemented in order to account for terrain accessibility issues during modelling. The simulations were conducted on the DINAMICA modelling software. After comparing the simulated road networks to the historical road network canvas on the study area, it was concluded that the simulation of road network expansion patterns in Amazonia is possible, but there are still some problems to solve in order to achieve success. First problem: It is necessary to better understand the individual road construction agents perceptions. What are their economic gain opportunities? How they addresses travel costs? What are their spatial orientation methods? Second problem: Friction matrixes were used to achieve accessibility during road construction simulations and there were some methodological limitations on producing web patterns on road networks. Third problem: The actual available network pattern metrics are not fully suited to the validation of the simulated road patterns.