Tradução e validação das escalas Nordoff Robbins: “Relação criança terapeuta na experiência musical coativa” e “Musicabilidade: formas de atividade, estágios e qualidades de engajamento”

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Aline Moreira Brandão André
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; MUSICA - ESCOLA DE MUSICA; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Música; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Escalas Nordoff Robbins; Tradução; Validação; Transtornos do Neurodesenvolvimento; Musicoterapia; Neurociências
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/38310; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-7679

Music Therapy has been flourishing and it became necessary to develop specific means for its assessment. In order to achieve this necessity, researchers Nordoff and Robbins developed three scales based on research that began in the 1960s in the USA. The first scale is called “Child-Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Scale”. The second scale is called the “Musical Communicativeness Scale”. The third scale is called “Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale”. Since those scales were developed, they have been used for evaluating in the clinical music therapy context and for training Music Therapy students at Nordoff Robbins Music Therapy Centers. Nevertheless, in order to have those scales being used in Brazil, a validation process is necessary. The “Musical Communicativeness Scale” has already been translated and validated in Brazil by André (2017). This thesis follows the validation research model. We aim to translate and validate in the Brazilian context the “Child-Therapist Relationship in the Coactive Musical Experience Scale” and the “Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale”. The general validation methodology followed the Universalist Validation Model developed by Herdman, Fox-Rushby and Badia (1988), which is divided into 6 stages: conceptual, item, semantic, operational, measurement and functional equivalences. These steps were verified in this study from seven articles. In the first article, conceptual equivalence was performed through a literature review to verify the use of the "Child-Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Scale " and the " Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale ". After using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 texts were found related to the “Child-Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Scale” and 10 texts related to the “Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale”. By analyzing the results, it was found that the two scales were cited in studies written in English and Portuguese. Most of these studies refer to the evaluation of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder. It was observed in this study that the number of publications with both scales has increased in recent decades. In the second article, it was verified the item equivalences, semantics and operational of the “Child-Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Scale”. Six translators participated in this study, using the process of translation, back-translation and verification of the scale translation and its manual and nine evaluators to verify the items, the semantics and the best format of the scale. The results indicated that the translation, items and format of “Child-Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Scale” were considered appropriate for the Brazilian context. In the third article, it was checked the item equivalences, semantics and operational of the “Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale”. In this study, six translators participated in the translation process, back-translation and verification of the translation and nine evaluators for semantic, item and operational evaluation. The results indicated that the translation, items and format of the “Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale” is appropriate for the Brazilian context. In the fourth article, the inter-examiner reliability was verified as part of the measurement equivalence of the “Child-Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Scale”. Hence, five examiners read the manual and applied the scale based on analyzes performed with 24 excerpts from videos of music therapy services given to people with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Subsequently, the Spearman correlation test was performed in SPSS 23 to verify the inter-examiner reliability of the “Child-Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Scale”. In this study, it was observed an average of strong correlations in all domains of the “Child-Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Scale”, which indicates good inter-examiner reliability. In the fifth article, the inter-examiner reliability was verified as part of the measurement equivalence of the “Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale”. In this study, five examiners read the manual and performed analyzes based on the “Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale” through the observation of 24 excerpts of videos of music therapy sessions in Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Subsequently, two analyzes were performed: percentage of agreement and tetrachoric correlation. It was observed in this study that the average percentage of agreement between the answers of the examiners was greater than 70% in all subdomains of the scale. Correlations were performed using the statistical software R. The results showed good correlation. Through this study, it was verified good inter-rater reliability for the “Musicing: Forms of Activity, Stages and Qualities of Engagement Scale”. In the sixth article, the structural validity of the “Child-Therapist Relationship in the Coactive Musical Experience Scale” and the “Musical Communicativeness Scale” for an individual diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorder was analyzed. The ratings with the scales were obtained based on 120 excerpts of the Music Centered Music Therapy. In this study, three models for confirmatory factor analysis of items in order to verify the individual variables and the general latent variable of the scales were tested. Positive results were found only for the general latent variable of the scales with a mean of 0.855, Cronbach's alpha confidence of 0.93 and McDonnald's omega of 0.88. This result demonstrates that to this patient, the scales measure the same construct. In the seventh article, the structural validity of the scales was analyzed in relation to an individual diagnosed with Tuberous Sclerosis. In this study, evaluations were carried out from 120 excerpts from Neurological Music Therapy sessions. In this study, due to the choice of techniques used in care, it was possible to analyze only 3 categories. After performing the confirmatory analysis of items, it was found that the analyzed categories showed confidence only for the general latent variable, with a mean of 0.912, omega of 0.90 and an alpha of 0.87, indicating a high confidence of the scores. All studies show that the analyzed scales are approved, functional and valid in the Brazilian music therapy context.