Qualidade das práticas de profissionais dos programas de controle de infecção hospitalar no brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: André Luiz Silva Alvim
• Outros Autores: Andrea Gazzinelli, Bráulio Roberto Gonçalves Marinho Couto
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil; ENFERMAGEM - ESCOLA DE ENFERMAGEM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem; UFMG
• Palavras-chave em Português: Estudos de validação; Infecção hospitalar; Pesquisa sobre serviços de saúde; Controle de infecções; Programa de controle de Infecção Hospitalar; Infecção Hospitalar; Pesquisa Sobre Serviços de Saúde; Controle de Infecções; Estudo de Validação
• Link de acesso: http://hdl.handle.net/1843/38688; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6119-6762; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-7291; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5314-5161

Introduction: Infection control programs is a set of actions developed deliberately and systematically, with a view to reducing the maximum possible occurrence and severity of infections. The program construction must consider the local reality of the program as organizational specificities. However, the activities carried out by the health services are diversified, and in Brazil there is still a lack of government incentive, advanced financial support and there is still no established quality index that allows comparison between locations, becoming barriers to effective implementation. Objective: To analyze the quality of hospital infection control programs in Brazil. Methodology: This study was developed in three stages: (1) integrative literature review; (2) construction and validation of a questionnaire to assess infection control programs; (3) cross-sectional study carried out in 114 hospital infection control services. The literature review included the LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus and SciELO databases, using the MeSH descriptors: Hospital Infection Control Program, Cross Infection, Quality of Health Care and Infection Control. For the validation of the instrument's psychometric properties, categorization was performed according to the structure, process and result components. The epidemiological study was carried out in infection control services in the five regions of Brazil, with data collection conducted between November 2018 and January 2019. The Infection Control Programs Quality Index (IQPCI in Portuguese) was elaborated through Principal Component Analysis applied to the sampling correlation matrix of the variables. The IQPCI ranges of values and the respective quality categories were defined. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was chosen to compare the scores obtained and the accepted significance level was 0.05. Statistical analyzes were performed using Epi Info version 6.0 and IBM® SPSS version 27 software. Results: Step 1: Integrative review: a final sample of 10 published articles was obtained, mainly in Scopus (60%) and Web of Science (30%). It was observed that the structural elements varied between the countries studied, suggesting the need for organizational and human resources improvement. Step 2: The questionnaire presented a content validity index with a mean of 0.902 (±0.076) and good internal consistency of the items (Cronbach's alpha test = 0.82), having been used in the five Brazilian regions. Step 3: The best quality index of infection control programs was identified in the South region (p=0.02), in hospitals with 300 beds or more (p<0.01), in those using the National Healthcare criteria Safety Network for surveillance of infections (p<0.01) and in places that performed prospective active search as a surveillance method (p<0.01). Conclusion: The integrative literature review showed the need for investments in the structure, process and result components. The psychometric properties of the instrument have been validated and can be used efficiently and reliably at the national level. The results reinforced that the Infection Control Programs has diversified actions in the context of healthcare associated infections prevention and control. For this reason, the quality of infection control programs is related to the region of Brazil, the number of beds and the method adopted for surveillance of infections.